Shloka 10

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

इत्येवंवादिनंवीरमभिनन्द्यचराघवः ।लक्ष्मणंलक्षीसम्पन्नमिदंवचनमब्रवीत् ।।6.41.10।।

Transliteration

ity evaṃ vādinaṃ vīram abhinandya ca rāghavaḥ |

lakṣmaṇaṃ lakṣmī-sampannam idaṃ vacanam abravīt ||6.41.10||

Translation

Nghe vị dũng sĩ nói như thế, Rāghava tán thán khen ngợi; rồi Ngài nói những lời này với Lakṣmaṇa, người đầy đủ cát tường phúc đức.

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable); quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)

• evam: in this manner
• evam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• vādinaṃ: the speaker
• vādinaṃ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); present active participial noun ‘speaking’

• vīram: the hero
• vīram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• abhinandya: having applauded
• abhinandya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-nand (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय/ल्यप्), ‘having praised/approved’

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)

• rāghavaḥ: Rāghava (Rama)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• lakṣmaṇam: to Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇam: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• lakṣmī-sampannam: endowed with prosperity/fortune
• lakṣmī-sampannam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: lakṣmī (प्रातिपदिक) + sampanna (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘lakṣmyā sampannaḥ’; Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; adjective qualifying ‘lakṣmaṇam’

• idam: this
• idam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally

• vacanam: speech/words
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• abravīt: said/spoke
• abravīt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्/Aorist), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

Raghava heard the hero Sugriva, applauding him and spoke these words to Lakshmana, who was endowed with prosperity.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva (implied as the prior speaker/hero in context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as respectful governance: Rāma listens, approves worthy counsel, and then issues clear guidance to a trusted deputy (Lakṣmaṇa).

What is the narrative situation?

After an ally’s courageous or strategic speech (contextually Sugrīva), Rāma turns to Lakṣmaṇa to give operational instructions for the coming battle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s discernment and humility—he acknowledges good counsel before acting, modeling righteous command.