Shloka 10

सम्पातिवाक्यम्

Sampāti’s Counsel and the Revelation of Laṅkā

Devanagari script

अदीर्घदर्शिनं तं वै रावणं राक्षसाधिपम्।अन्तिके यदि वा दूरे यदि जानासि शंस नः।।4.58.10।।

Transliteration

adīrgha-darśinaṃ taṃ vai rāvaṇaṃ rākṣasādhipam | antike yadi vā dūre yadi jānāsi śaṃsa naḥ ||

Translation

Nếu ngươi biết, hãy nói cho chúng ta về Rāvaṇa, chúa tể loài rākṣasa, kẻ thiển cận không thấy xa—nay hắn ở gần hay ở xa?

Word by Word

• अदीर्घदर्शिनम्: not farsighted
• अदीर्घदर्शिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-दीर्घ-दर्शिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वपद (negation) + दीर्घ (adj) + दर्शिन् (agent-noun)

• तम्: that (him)
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha/Discourse particle (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय; emphasis/indeed

• रावणम्: Ravana
• रावणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम

• राक्षसाधिपम्: lord of the rakshasas
• राक्षसाधिपम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (rākṣasānām adhipaḥ)

• अन्तिके: nearby
• अन्तिके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग/स्थानवाचक अव्यय (locative used adverbially); ‘near’

• यदि: if
• यदि: Discourse (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय; शर्त (conditional)

• वा: or
• वा: Discourse (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक निपात (disjunctive particle)

• दूरे: far away
• दूरे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग/स्थानवाचक अव्यय (locative used adverbially); ‘far’

• यदि: if
• यदि: Discourse (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक अव्यय (conditional)

• जानासि: you know
• जानासि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद; मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; धातु: ज्ञा

• शंस: tell
• शंस: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शंस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद; मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आदेश (command)

• नः: to us
• नः: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-बहुवचन (Genitive/Dative plural) एन्क्लिटिक रूप; ‘of us/to us’

Context

'Tell us about Ravana, king of the demons who is unaware of the consequences. If you know his residence, tell us if it is near or far.'

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Rākṣasas
• Sampāti
• Vānaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma requires clear knowledge before action; the vānaras seek truthful intelligence to oppose adharma effectively.

What is the narrative situation?

The vānaras question Sampāti about Rāvaṇa’s whereabouts—near or far—to continue their mission.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical wisdom: asking precise questions to obtain actionable truth.