Shloka 5

किष्किन्धायां सुग्रीवस्य नादः

Sugriva’s War-Cry at Kishkindha

Devanagari script

हरिवागुरया व्याप्तां तप्तकाञ्चनतोरणाम्।प्राप्ताः स्म ध्वजयन्त्राढ्यां किष्किन्धां वालिनः पुरीम्।।4.14.5।।

Transliteration

harivāgurayā vyāptāṁ taptakāñcanatoraṇām |

prāptāḥ sma dhvajayantrāḍhyāṁ kiṣkindhāṁ vālinaḥ purīm || 4.14.5 ||

Translation

Chúng ta đã đến Kiṣkindhā, kinh thành của Vāli—dày đặc bầy khỉ như lưới vây bắt, rực sáng những cổng vòm vàng nung, lại phong phú cột cờ và khí cụ nghi vệ.

Word by Word

• hari-vāgurayā: with/like a monkey-snare
• hari-vāgurayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक) + vāgurā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: "a net/snare for monkeys"; used as simile-instrument "like a monkey-snare"

• vyāptām: filled/pervaded
• vyāptām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi + ā + √āp (आप् धातु) / vyāpta (कृदन्त)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular; past passive participle used adjectivally qualifying kiṣkindhām/purīm: "filled/pervaded"

• tapta-kāñcana-toraṇām: with glowing golden gateways
• tapta-kāñcana-toraṇām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tapta (प्रातिपदिक) + kāñcana (प्रातिपदिक) + toraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: "having archways (toraṇa) of glowing gold" qualifying kiṣkindhām/purīm

• prāptāḥ: reached
• prāptāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + √āp (आप् धातु)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; predicative: "having reached"

• sma: indeed (past marker)
• sma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, particle used with past narration (स्म-प्रयोग)

• dhvaja-yantra-āḍhyām: abounding in flag-devices
• dhvaja-yantra-āḍhyām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhvaja (प्रातिपदिक) + yantra (प्रातिपदिक) + āḍhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: "rich with flag-devices/mechanisms" qualifying kiṣkindhām/purīm

• kiṣkindhām: Kishkindha
• kiṣkindhām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kiṣkindhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• vālinaḥ: of Vali
• vālinaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vālin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• purīm: city
• purīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: purī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular; apposition to kiṣkindhām

Context

Broad-necked Sugriva, a lover of the forest, looked around and flew into a rage.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• Rama
• Kishkindha
• Vali

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in leadership and conflict includes situational awareness: recognizing the opponent’s stronghold and the risks within it, so that action is taken responsibly rather than recklessly.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva informs Rama that they have arrived at Kishkindha, describing Vali’s fortified, monkey-filled capital as the setting for the coming confrontation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and strategic clarity—Sugriva assesses the environment and communicates it to Rama before engagement.