Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 64, Shloka 12

रम्भा

प्रलोभनम् — Rambhā’s Temptation and Viśvāmitra’s Curse

Devanagari script

यन्मां लोभयसे रम्भे कामक्रोधजयैषिणम्।दशवर्षसहस्राणि शैली स्थास्यसि दुर्भगे ।।1.64.12।।

Transliteration

yan māṃ lobhayase rambhe kāmakrodhajayaiṣiṇam | daśavarṣasahasrāṇi śailī sthāsyasi durbhage || 1.64.12 ||

Translation

Vì ngươi, hỡi Rambhā—kẻ bất hạnh—dám quyến rũ ta khi ta đang cầu thắng phục dục vọng và sân hận, nên ngươi sẽ hóa thành tảng đá và nằm yên như thế suốt mười ngàn năm.

Word by Word

• yat: since/because
• yat: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् (relative particle) कारणार्थे—"because/since"

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म

• lobhayase: you tempt
• lobhayase: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √lubh (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; causative sense in usage—"you tempt/seduce"

• rambhe: O Rambhā
• rambhe: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rambhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• kāmakrodhajayaiṣiṇam: seeking victory over desire and anger
• kāmakrodhajayaiṣiṇam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāma + krodha + jaya + eṣin (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः—"कामक्रोधयोः जयम् एषते"; विशेषणम्—माम्

• daśavarṣasahasrāṇi: ten thousand years
• daśavarṣasahasrāṇi: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśa + varṣa + sahasra (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः—"दश सहस्राणि वर्षाणि" (ten thousand years)

• śailī: a rock (rock-formed)
• śailī: Pradhāna-vākya-predicative (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śailī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (predicate nominative)—"as a rock"

• sthāsyasi: you will remain/become
• sthāsyasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• durbhage: O unfortunate one
• durbhage: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durbhagā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; निन्दार्थक सम्बोधन

Context

'O luckless Rambha, since you have endeavoured to distract me from my desire to conquer wrath and passion, you shall turn into a rock and remain so for ten thousand years'.

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra
• Rambhā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed as conquest of kāma and krodha; the verse also cautions that punishment issued in anger can itself be a deviation from righteous restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

Viśvāmitra pronounces a curse on Rambhā for attempting to disrupt his austerities and inner discipline.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The ideal of self-mastery (jaya over desire and anger) is explicitly stated—though the narrative simultaneously shows how difficult that virtue is to uphold.