Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 11, Shloka 16

ऋष्यशृङ्गानयनम् — Bringing Ṛśyaśṛṅga to Ayodhyā

Bālakāṇḍa, Sarga 11

Devanagari script

ततो राजा यथान्यायं पूजां चक्रे विशेषत:।सखित्वात्तस्य वै राज्ञ: प्रहृष्टेनान्तरात्मना।।1.11.16।।

Transliteration

tato rājā yathānyāyaṃ pūjāṃ cakre viśeṣataḥ | sakhitvāt tasya vai rājñaḥ prahṛṣṭenāntarātmanā ||1.11.16||

Translation

Bấy giờ vua Romapāda, theo đúng lễ nghi, đặc biệt thiết đãi và tôn kính; bởi tình bằng hữu với vị vua ấy, lòng vua hân hoan vui mừng.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रम/काल-अव्यय (then)

• rājā: the king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• yathā-nyāyam: as per custom
• yathā-nyāyam: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + nyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण (according to rule/custom)

• pūjām: honour/worship
• pūjām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūjā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• cakre: performed
• cakre: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• viśeṣataḥ: especially
• viśeṣataḥ: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: viśeṣatas (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति-अव्यय (adverb: especially)

• sakhitvāt: due to friendship
• sakhitvāt: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sakhitva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ (cause)

• tasya: of that
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• rājñaḥ: of the king
• rājñaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• prahṛṣṭena: with delight
• prahṛṣṭena: Karaṇa (करण/instrument; manner)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-hṛṣ (हृष् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• antar-ātmanā: with (his) inner heart
• antar-ātmanā: Karaṇa (करण/instrument; manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: antar (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (antarātmā = inner self/heart)

Context

Then the king (Romapada), delighted at heart out of friendship with the king (Dasaratha), offered special hospitality with respectful salutations in accordance with propriety.

Characters & Entities

• Romapāda
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as maryādā (proper conduct): honoring a guest—especially a fellow king and friend—according to established norms.

What is the narrative situation?

Romapāda receives Daśaratha and offers him formal, special honors grounded in both friendship and protocol.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Romapāda’s propriety and generosity—he combines personal affection with correct royal etiquette.