Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 58, Shloka 26

अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः (Sarga 58)

Daśaratha Questions Sumantra; Messages from the Forest Threshold

Devanagari script

लक्ष्मणस्तु सुसङ्कृद्धो निश्श्वसन्वाक्यमब्रवीत्।केनायमपराधेन राजपुत्रो विवासितः।।।।

Transliteration

lakṣmaṇas tu susaṅkṛddho niśśvasan vākyam abravīt | kenāyam aparādhena rājaputro vivāsitaḥ ||

Translation

Nhưng Lakṣmaṇa, lòng bừng bừng phẫn nộ, thở gấp, liền cất lời: “Vì tội lỗi nào mà vị vương tử này lại bị đày đi lưu xứ?”

Word by Word

• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• susaṅkṛddhaḥ: highly enraged
• susaṅkṛddhaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (अव्यय) + saṅkṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः: su+saṅkṛddha = 'well/very enraged'

• niśśvasan: sighing
• niśśvasan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śvas (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपसर्गः nis- (niḥ-)

• vākyam: words/speech
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• kena: by what/with what
• kena: Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक (interrogative)

• ayam: this (person)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• aparādhena: by an offence
• aparādhena: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aparādha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• rājaputraḥ: king's son
• rājaputraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: rājñaḥ putraḥ

• vivāsitaḥ: has been banished
• vivāsitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vas (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; causative/denominative sense with vi-: 'made to dwell away' = banished

Context

But Lakshmana, seething with anger and sighing said, 'For what offence has this king's son been banished'?

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A demand for moral accountability: punishment (exile) must correspond to a real offence; otherwise it violates justice.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa reacts to Rāma’s banishment with anger, questioning the legitimacy of the decision.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Protective loyalty and a strong sense of justice—Lakṣmaṇa cannot accept suffering without cause.