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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 105, Shloka 26

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Instruction on Time and Mortality

यथा काष्ठं च काष्ठं च समेयातां महार्णवे।

समेत्य च व्यपेयातां कालमासाद्य कञ्चन।।2.105.26।।

एवं भार्याश्चपुत्राश्च ज्ञातयश्च धनानि च।

समेत्य व्यवधावन्ति ध्रुवो ह्येषां विनाभवः।।2.105.27।।

yathā kāṣṭhaṃ ca kāṣṭhaṃ ca sameyātāṃ mahārṇave | sametya ca vyapeyātāṃ kālam āsādya kañcana || 2.105.26 ||

Như hai khúc gỗ trôi dạt giữa đại dương mênh mông, có khi gặp nhau; gặp rồi cùng nương tựa một thời gian, đến lúc thời khắc đến thì lại lìa xa.

yathājust as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (यथा अव्यय)
FormComparative adverb (उपमा/यथार्थबोधक अव्यय)
kāṣṭhama piece of wood
kāṣṭham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāṣṭha (काष्ठ प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
kāṣṭham(another) piece of wood
kāṣṭham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāṣṭha (काष्ठ प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
sameyātāmmight meet/come together
sameyātām:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√i (सम् + इ धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
mahārṇavein the great ocean
mahārṇave:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + arṇava (महा + अर्णव प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: महांश्चासौ अर्णवः
sametyahaving met
sametya:
Kriya (क्रिया-पूर्वक)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√i (सम् + इ धातु)
FormAbsolutive (ल्यप्), Indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
vyapeyātāmmight separate/go apart
vyapeyātām:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-apa-√i (वि + अप + इ धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
kālamtime
kālam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (काल प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
āsādyahaving reached/after spending
āsādya:
Kriya (क्रिया-पूर्वक)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√sad (आ + सद् धातु)
FormAbsolutive (ल्यप्), Indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
kañcanasome (a little)
kañcana:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkañcana (कञ्चन अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रयोग)
FormIndeclinable used as 'some/any' (किञ्चित्-अर्थे निपातवत्) qualifying kālam
evamthus/in the same way
evam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (एवम् अव्यय)
FormManner adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)
bhāryāḥwives
bhāryāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāryā (भार्या प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
putrāḥsons
putrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (पुत्र प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
jñātayaḥkinsmen/relatives
jñātayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāti (ज्ञाति प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
dhanāniwealth/possessions
dhanāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdhana (धन प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
sametyahaving come together
sametya:
Kriya (क्रिया-पूर्वक)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√i (सम् + इ धातु)
FormAbsolutive (ल्यप्), Indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
vyavadhāvantiseparate/run apart
vyavadhāvanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-ava-√dhāv (वि + अव + धाव् धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
dhruvaḥcertain
dhruvaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhruva (ध्रुव प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) (agreeing with vinābhavaḥ)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (हि अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), explanatory/emphatic
eṣāmof these/of them
eṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (इदम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
vinā-bhavaḥseparation
vinā-bhavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvinā (विना अव्यय) + bhava (भव प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); अव्ययीभाव: विना भवः = 'state of being without' i.e., separation

In a mighty ocean, two pieces of logs meet one another, float together and in due course get separated. In the same way wives, sons, relatives and riches remain together for some time and thereafter get separated. Their separation is certain.

O
Ocean (mahārṇava)

FAQs

Non-attachment: dharma-informed grief is tempered by understanding that all unions in saṃsāra are temporary.

Bharata begins a simile to explain separation as a natural law, preparing to apply it to family and wealth.

Steadiness (dhairya): cultivating composure by reflecting on the nature of coming together and parting.