Shloka 12

तापसाश्रममण्डलदर्शनम्

Entering Dandaka and Meeting the Sages

Devanagari script

ते तं सोममिवोद्यन्तं दृष्ट्वा वै धर्मचारिणम्।।3.1.11।।लक्ष्मणं चैव दृष्ट्वा तु वैदेहीं च यशस्विनीम्।मङ्गलानि प्रयुञ्जानाः प्रत्यगृह्णन्दृढव्रताः।।3.1.12।।

Transliteration

te taṃ somam ivodyantaṃ dṛṣṭvā vai dharmacāriṇam || (3.1.11) lakṣmaṇaṃ caiva dṛṣṭvā tu vaidehīṃ ca yaśasvinīm | maṅgalāni prayuñjānāḥ pratyagṛhṇan dṛḍhavratāḥ || (3.1.12)

Translation

(Lặp lại ý trên) Các hiền giả giữ vững giới nguyện, thấy Rāma hành trì chánh pháp sáng như trăng mọc; cùng Lakṣmaṇa và Vaidehī danh tiếng, liền nghênh đón và ban lời chúc lành cát tường.

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• सोमम्: the moon
• सोमम्: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: soma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• इव: like/as
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-vācaka avyaya (उपमावाचक-अव्यय)

• उद्यन्तम्: rising
• उद्यन्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udyant (कृदन्त; √ud-i 'to rise' (धातु))
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (present participle/शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying 'tam'

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; pūrvakāla)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), 'having seen'

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (निपात), emphasis/indeed

• धर्मचारिणम्: one who practices dharma
• धर्मचारिणम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma-cārin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: dharma + cārin; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying 'tam'

• लक्ष्मणम्: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-avyaya (समुच्चय-अव्यय) conjunction

• एव: also/indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण-निपात) 'just/also'

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; pūrvakāla)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), 'having seen' (repeated for parallel objects)

• तु: then/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (निपात), contrast/continuation

• वैदेहीम्: Vaidehi (Sita)
• वैदेहीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-avyaya (समुच्चय-अव्यय) conjunction

• यशस्विनीम्: famed/illustrious
• यशस्विनीम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yaśasvinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying 'vaidehīm'

• मङ्गलानि: auspicious words/benedictions
• मङ्गलानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṅgala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• प्रयुञ्जानाः: uttering/applying
• प्रयुञ्जानाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yuj (धातु) with pra- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (present participle/शतृ), Parasmaipada sense; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); agreeing with 'dṛḍhavratāḥ/te'

• प्रत्यगृह्णन्: they received/welcomed
• प्रत्यगृह्णन्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √grah (धातु) with prati- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (लङ्; imperfect/past), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• दृढव्रताः: steadfast-vowed (ascetics)
• दृढव्रताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dṛḍha-vrata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound: dṛḍha + vrata; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

Context

The sages, steadfast in their vows, saw Rama who was shining like the rising Moon, Lakshmana and the famed Sita went forward and received them with words of benediction.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)
• Forest sages (dṛḍhavratāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The same dharmic lesson as the repeated line: honoring the righteous through auspicious welcome and disciplined conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

A recensional repetition reinforcing the sages’ reception of Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, and Sītā with blessings.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s righteousness (dharma-caryā) and the sages’ steadiness in vows (dṛḍha-vrata).