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Shloka 11

Yama-vilāpana

The Lamentation Concerning Yama

यो न तापयते शत्रून् ज्येष्ठे मासि यथा रविः । वृथाशूला हि जननी जाता देव कुपुत्रिणी ॥ ११ ॥

yo na tāpayate śatrūn jyeṣṭhe māsi yathā raviḥ | vṛthāśūlā hi jananī jātā deva kuputriṇī || 11 ||

Ôi Thần linh, kẻ nào không thiêu đốt kẻ thù như mặt trời tháng Jyeṣṭha, thì nỗi đau sinh nở của mẹ hắn hóa ra uổng phí, vì bà đã sinh ra một đứa con trai vô dụng.

यःhe who
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-निर्देशकः (relative pronoun)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
तापयतेhe heats/torments
तापयते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootतप् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोगः (causative)
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
ज्येष्ठेin (the month of) Jyeṣṭha
ज्येष्ठे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; मास-विशेषणार्थे (as month-name)
मासिin the month
मासि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
यथाas
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparison marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (comparative particle: 'as/like')
रविःthe sun
रविः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootरवि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
वृथा-शूलाhaving pain in vain
वृथा-शूला:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृथा (अव्यय) + शूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (वृथा एव शूला)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/causal particle)
जननीthe mother
जननी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजननी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
जाताhas become
जाता:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative participle)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'भू' इत्यर्थे (become)
देवO lord
देव:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
कु-पुत्रिणीa mother of a bad son
कु-पुत्रिणी:
Visheshya (विशेष्य/Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootकु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + पुत्रिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कु- उपपदपूर्वकः: 'bad/evil' + 'having a son')

Narada (in instruction/admonition style within Uttara-Bhaga discourse)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: raudra

R
Ravi (Surya)

FAQs

It praises uncompromising strength in dharma: one should burn away opposition—outer injustice and inner vices—with the intensity symbolized by the Jyeṣṭha sun.

Bhakti is protected by firmness; the ‘enemies’ can be read as kāma, krodha, lobha, and other obstacles that must be decisively subdued so devotion remains steady.

It uses calendrical knowledge (māsa—Jyeṣṭha) as a teaching device, reflecting Jyotiṣa-style month symbolism to convey intensity and discipline in conduct.