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Shloka 18

Yamavākya

The Words of Yama

तारयेत्स उभौ पक्षौ यत्पिंडो यस्य विग्रहः । न भार्याया भवेद्वीजं न भार्या कुक्षिधारिणी ॥ १८ ॥

tārayetsa ubhau pakṣau yatpiṃḍo yasya vigrahaḥ | na bhāryāyā bhavedvījaṃ na bhāryā kukṣidhāriṇī || 18 ||

Chỉ người ấy mới cứu độ được cả hai dòng—tổ tiên và con cháu—vì thân này được kết thành từ chính phần cúng tổ (piṇḍa) ấy. Không có vợ thì không có hạt giống; không có vợ thì cũng không có dạ mang thai để cưu mang con.

तारयेत्should deliver/save
तारयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Root√तॄ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)
उभौboth
उभौ:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), द्विवचन (dual); विशेषण
पक्षौsides/parties
पक्षौ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), द्विवचन (dual)
यत्whose/that which
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Relative connector)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)
पिण्डःfuneral ball/oblation (piṇḍa)
पिण्डः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; of 'vigrahaḥ')
TypeNoun
Rootपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक (m/n), षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (singular)
विग्रहःbody/form
विग्रहः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootविग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)
not
:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
भार्यायाःof the wife
भार्यायाः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (singular)
भवेत्would be/should be
भवेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद
बीजम्seed
बीजम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootबीज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (singular)
not
:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (singular)
कुक्षि-धारिणीwomb-bearer/pregnant bearer
कुक्षि-धारिणी:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकुक्षि (प्रातिपदिक) + धारिणी (प्रातिपदिक; √धृ)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कुक्षेः धारिणी)

Narada (teaching in dialogue tradition attributed to Narada–Sanatkumara discourse)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

FAQs

It frames household life as a dharmic support for lineage: through lawful marriage and progeny, one sustains and uplifts both ancestral continuity and future generations, linking embodiment to pitṛ-connection (piṇḍa).

Indirectly, it shows that bhakti and dharma are not opposed: fulfilling righteous household duties—especially those tied to lineage and ancestral rites—can be performed as an offering to the Lord, supporting a stable life for devotional practice.

It points to dharma-śāstric and gṛhya (domestic-ritual) principles tied to saṃskāras and pitṛ-kriyā (ancestral rites), where marriage is foundational for legitimate progeny and related ritual obligations.