Shloka 54

Dharmāṅgada’s Discourse (Dharmāṅgadopadeśa) in the Mohinī Episode

Devanagari script

यदि पुत्रः प्रियो राजन्भुज्यतां हरिवासरे । किं विलापैर्महीपाल एतैर्द्धर्मबहिष्कृतैः ॥ ५४ ॥

Transliteration

yadi putraḥ priyo rājanbhujyatāṃ harivāsare | kiṃ vilāpairmahīpāla etairddharmabahiṣkṛtaiḥ || 54 ||

Translation

Nếu con trai là điều ngươi yêu quý, hỡi Đại vương, thì hãy thọ thực chỉ vào ngày của Hari. Hỡi bậc chúa tể cõi đất, những lời than khóc bị loại khỏi dharma này có ích gì?

Word by Word

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle)

• putraḥ: son
• putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative singular)

• priyaḥ: dear
• priyaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; विशेषण (qualifying ‘putraḥ’)

• rājan: O king
• rājan: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सम्बोधन (Vocative singular)

• bhujyatām: let (him) eat / let it be eaten
• bhujyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhuj (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): ‘let it be eaten/let (him) eat’

• hari-vāsare: on Hari’s day (Sunday/holy day of Hari)
• hari-vāsare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/time-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक) + vāsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: हरेः वासरः; पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सप्तमी (Locative singular)

• kim: what (use)?
• kim: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/rhetorical question)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.)

• vilāpaiḥ: with lamentations
• vilāpaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vilāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental plural)

• mahī-pāla: O protector of the earth (king)
• mahī-pāla: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī (प्रातिपदिक) + pāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: महीपालः; पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सम्बोधन (Vocative singular)

• etaiḥ: with these
• etaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental plural)

• dharma-bahiṣkṛtaiḥ: excluded from righteousness / irreligious
• dharma-bahiṣkṛtaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of ‘vilāpaiḥ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + bahiṣkṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ + bahis)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (relation: धर्मात् बहिष्कृताः ‘excluded from dharma’); भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental plural)

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Hari-vāsara (commonly Ekadashi-associated observance)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Hari
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that sincere observance of Harivāsara (Ekādaśī dedicated to Hari) is a dharmic remedy stronger than emotional grieving—redirecting the mind from helpless lamentation to devotional discipline.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is shown as practical commitment: honoring Hari’s sacred day through regulated conduct (vrata/niyama). Devotion is not mere feeling; it is lived as dharma-centered action.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual discipline) is implied through vrata-rules—especially the timing and observance of Harivāsara/Ekādaśī as a prescribed religious practice.