Shloka 22

Tithi-vicara

Determination of Tithi for Fasts, Parana, and Pitri Rites

Devanagari script

त्रयोदश्यां हि शुद्दायां पारणे पृथिवीफलम् । शतयज्ञाधिकं वापि नरः प्राप्नोत्यसंशयम् ॥ २२ ॥

Transliteration

trayodaśyāṃ hi śuddāyāṃ pāraṇe pṛthivīphalam | śatayajñādhikaṃ vāpi naraḥ prāpnotyasaṃśayam || 22 ||

Translation

Quả thật, khi phá trai (pāraṇa) vào ngày Trayodaśī thanh tịnh, người ấy chắc chắn đạt công đức ngang với (phúc lợi của) cả cõi địa cầu—thậm chí hơn cả trăm lễ tế (yajña)—không chút nghi ngờ.

Word by Word

• trayodaśyām: on Trayodaśī
• trayodaśyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: trayodaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular; ‘on Trayodaśī (13th lunar day)’

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• śuddhāyām: when (it is) pure
• śuddhāyām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śuddhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular; agrees with trayodaśyām

• pāraṇe: at the breaking of the fast
• pāraṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular; ‘at the breaking (of the fast)’

• pṛthivī-phalam: the fruit (reward) of the earth (i.e., all worldly merit)
• pṛthivī-phalam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛthivī (प्रातिपदिक) + phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पृथिव्याः फलम्)

• śata-yajña-adhikam: greater than (the merit of) a hundred sacrifices
• śata-yajña-adhikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śata (प्रातिपदिक) + yajña (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; adjective to (phalam) understood: ‘exceeding a hundred sacrifices’

• vā: or even
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक निपात) ‘or/even’

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) ‘also/even’

• naraḥ: a man
• naraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• prāpnoti: attains
• prāpnoti: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-āp (आप् धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular

• a-saṃśayam: without doubt
• a-saṃśayam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saṃśaya (प्रातिपदिक) with privative a- (अ-)
• Form: Adverbial accusative used as avyaya (क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण द्वितीया): ‘without doubt’

Speaker

Narada (teaching in the Uttara-Bhaga context of vrata/mahātmya merits)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Ekādaśī-related vrata (parāṇa context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It elevates correct pāraṇa (breaking the fast) on the proper, “pure” tithi as a decisive spiritual act, declaring its merit to surpass even major Vedic sacrifices—showing that disciplined vrata-practice can yield extraordinary dharmic fruit.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By stressing faithful observance and correct completion of a vow (vrata), it frames devotion as sustained practice—where timing, purity, and sincerity in concluding the fast become offerings that please the deity and generate great merit.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It points to calendrical/ritual precision based on tithi (lunar day) for pāraṇa—an applied aspect of Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astronomy/astrology) used to determine the correct ritual timing.