Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 126

Jyotiṣa-saṅgraha: Varga-vibhāga, Bala-nirṇaya, Garbha-phala, Āyuḥ-gaṇanā

Devanagari script

स्पष्टास्तेंशाः खषट्त्र्यासा गुणयित्वा स्वकैर्गणैः । वर्षाणि शेषमर्कध्नं हारात्संमासकाः स्मृताः ॥ १२६ ॥

Transliteration

spaṣṭāsteṃśāḥ khaṣaṭtryāsā guṇayitvā svakairgaṇaiḥ | varṣāṇi śeṣamarkadhnaṃ hārātsaṃmāsakāḥ smṛtāḥ || 126 ||

Translation

Sau khi nhân các phần (aṁśa) được nêu rõ với các hệ số tương ứng của chúng, phần dư cho ra số năm; và phần dư còn lại gọi là ‘arkadhna’ (phần dư theo Mặt Trời) thì, xét theo số chia (hāra), được hiểu là số tháng được tính.

Word by Word

• spaṣṭāḥ: clear; exact
• spaṣṭāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of aṃśāḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: spaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• te: those
• te: Karta (कर्ता) / determiner
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• aṃśāḥ: degrees/parts
• aṃśāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominal
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kha-ṣaṭ-tri-aṃśāḥ: (as) 63 degrees (0-6-3)
• kha-ṣaṭ-tri-aṃśāḥ: Apposition (समानाधिकरण) to aṃśāḥ
• Type: Noun
• Root: kha (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक=0) + ṣaṭ (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक=6) + tri (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक=3) + aṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); द्विगु: '0-6-3 degrees' (i.e., 63 aṃśas) as a technical numeral compound

• guṇayitvā: having multiplied
• guṇayitvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √guṇ (धातु) + ṇic + ktvā → guṇayitvā (कृदन्त)
• Form: Gerund/absolutive (क्त्वान्त), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)

• svakaiḥ: by their own
• svakaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of gaṇaiḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• gaṇaiḥ: by groups/sets (gaṇas)
• gaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• varṣāṇi: years
• varṣāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• śeṣam: remaining; remainder
• śeṣam: Karma (कर्म) (qualifier/object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• arka-dhnam: arkadhna (technical remainder/quantity)
• arka-dhnam: Karma (कर्म) (object in computation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arka (प्रातिपदिक) + dhna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'arka-dhna' (technical term; lit. 'Sun-related/struck by Sun')

• hārāt: from the divisor (hāra)
• hārāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• saṃ-māsakāḥ: months (māsakas) together/total months
• saṃ-māsakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominal
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃ (उपसर्ग) + māsaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• smṛtāḥ: are said/are considered
• smṛtāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया) (passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √smṛ (धातु) + kta → smṛta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Past passive participle used predicatively (क्त-प्रत्यय), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara
• Surya

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Narada Purana integrates Moksha-Dharma with disciplined Vedic sciences: precise reckoning of time (years/months) supports correct observance of dharma, vrata, and sacred timing, which in turn steadies spiritual practice.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by teaching correct time-calculation, it safeguards the proper performance of devotional observances (like fasts and worship on specific tithis/months). In the Purana’s framework, accurate ritual timing strengthens steady Vishnu-bhakti.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa (kalā-gaṇita): multiplying given parts by fixed factors, then using the remainder (śeṣa) and divisor (hāra) to derive years (varṣa) and computed months (saṃmāsa).