Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 34

योगस्वरूप-धारणा-समाधि-वर्णनम् (केशिध्वजोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

भूप भूतान्यशेषाणि भूतानां ये च हेतवः । प्रधानादिविशेषान्ताश्चेतनाचेतनात्मकम् ॥ ३४ ॥

Transliteration

bhūpa bhūtānyaśeṣāṇi bhūtānāṃ ye ca hetavaḥ | pradhānādiviśeṣāntāścetanācetanātmakam || 34 ||

Translation

Ôi Đại vương, mọi hữu tình không sót một ai—và cả những nhân duyên làm nên các hữu tình—từ Pradhāna cho đến các nguyên lý sai biệt (Viśeṣa), đều mang bản tính vừa hữu tri vừa vô tri.

Word by Word

• भूप: O king
• भूप: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)

• भूतानि: beings, entities
• भूतानि: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• अशेषाणि: without remainder, all
• अशेषाणि: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); negated adjective (नञ्-प्रत्यय), agrees with भूतानि

• भूतानाम्: of beings
• भूतानाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ये: which (those who)
• ये: Karta (कर्ता/Relative subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); refers to हेतवः

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• हेतवः: causes
• हेतवः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• प्रधान-आदि-विशेष-अन्ताः: ranging from Pradhāna up to Viśeṣa
• प्रधान-आदि-विशेष-अन्ताः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of हेतवः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रधान (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + विशेष (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); compound meaning 'beginning with Pradhāna and ending with Viśeṣa' (ādi...anta construction)

• चेतन-अचेतन-आत्मकम्: consisting of sentient and insentient
• चेतन-अचेतन-आत्मकम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चेतन (प्रातिपदिक) + अचेतन (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); dvandva (चेतन + अचेतन) as prior members + आत्मक 'consisting of'; used predicatively for the totality implied

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada; addressed to a king within the discourse)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: jnana (none)

Characters & Entities

• Pradhana
• Vishesha

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames liberation-oriented inquiry by classifying all existence—effects (beings) and causes (tattvas)—as a composite field where consciousness (cetana) and inert nature (acetana) are discerned, encouraging discriminative knowledge (viveka) central to Moksha-Dharma.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By distinguishing the sentient principle from insentient nature, the verse supports Bhakti as steady orientation of consciousness toward the supreme conscious reality (often identified with Vishnu in Narada Purana), rather than attachment to changing material differentiations.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedanga (like Vyakarana or Jyotisha) is taught directly; the practical takeaway is philosophical taxonomy (tattva-vivecana) akin to Sāṅkhya analysis, used as a tool for self-inquiry in Moksha-Dharma contexts.