Shloka 6

Adhyaya 91 — The Gods’ Hymn to Kātyāyanī and the Goddess’ Prophecy of Future Manifestations

Sanskrit

सर्वभूता यदा देवी स्वर्गमुक्तिप्रदायिनी ।

त्वं स्तुता स्तुतये का वा भवन्तु परमोक्तयः ॥

Transliteration

sarvabhūtā yadā devī svarga-mukti-pradāyinī | tvaṃ stutā stutaye kā vā bhavantu paramoktayaḥ ||

Translation

Khi Nữ Thần hiện hữu như mọi loài hữu tình, và là Đấng ban thiên giới cùng giải thoát, thì một khi Ngài đã được tán dương—còn lời tán dương nào có thể đủ nữa? Còn có thể có những “lời tối thượng” nào nữa chăng?

Word by Word

• sarva-bhūtā: (she who is) all beings
• sarva-bhūtā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (कृदन्त, भू धातु; क्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (सर्वाणि भूतानि यस्याः/यत्र सा) = ‘all beings (as her form)’

• yadā: when
• yadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal adverb: when)

• devī: the Goddess
• devī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• svarga-mukti-pradāyinī: bestowing heaven and liberation
• svarga-mukti-pradāyinī: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svarga (प्रातिपदिक) + mukti (प्रातिपदिक) + pradāyinī (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक, दा धातु; णिनि)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (स्वर्गं च मुक्तिं च प्रददाति इति)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

• stutā: (being) praised
• stutā: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: stu (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘praised’

• stutaye: for (your) praise
• stutaye: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/चतुर्थी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: stuti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; प्रयोजनार्थ (for the sake of praise)

• kā: what?
• kā: Prashna (प्रश्न/प्रथमा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (or)

• bhavantu: let there be
• bhavantu: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/benedictive sense), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• parama-uktayaḥ: supreme utterances (praises)
• parama-uktayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + ukti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः (परमा उक्तयः)

Speakers

• Devas addressing Devī

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Nārāyaṇī)
• Devas (collective)

Shakti Aspects

• Sarvabhūtā (all-beings form); Mokṣa-pradāyinī (giver of liberation)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Moksha
• Devī as immanent in all beings
• Apophatic theology (limits of speech)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The highest goal (mukti) is granted by the same Reality present in all beings; thus compassion and non-harm follow naturally from perceiving the Divine in everyone.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily stuti; it relates to dharma-artha by linking worship with desired fruits (svarga) and the ultimate fruit (mukti), a common purāṇic function.

What is the esoteric significance?

If Devī is ‘all-beings,’ then the act of praise is also Devī praising herself through the devotee—suggesting non-duality between worshipper, worship, and worshipped.