Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 51, Shloka 88

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

धाताविधात्रोश्च बलिर्यत्र काले न दीयते ।

भुञ्जतां पिबतां वापि सङ्गिभिर्जलविप्रुषैः ॥

Transliteration

dhātā-vidhātroś ca balir yatra kāle na dīyate / bhuñjatāṃ pibatāṃ vāpi saṅgibhir jala-vipruṣaiḥ

Translation

Ở nơi đúng thời mà không dâng lễ bali cho Dhātā và Vidhātā, và nơi những người đang ăn uống bị quấy nhiễu bởi nước bắn từ bạn đồng hành—thì tại đó các ảnh hưởng tai hại phát sinh.

Word by Word

• धाता: (to) Dhātā (the Creator)
• धाता: अधिकरण-निर्देश (Context/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धाता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• विधात्रोः: of Dhātā and Vidhātṛ
• विधात्रोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन (Dual)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• बलिः: offering, oblation
• बलिः: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: अधिकरण (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/प्रसङ्ग-अव्यय (relative adverb: where)

• काले: at the proper time
• काले: अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• दीयते: is given
• दीयते: क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• भुञ्जताम्: of those who are eating
• भुञ्जताम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (Present active participle/शतृ), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• पिबताम्: of those who are drinking
• पिबताम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (Present active participle/शतृ), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• वा: or
• वा: विकल्प (Alternative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• अपि: also, even
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कार (particle: also/even)

• सङ्गिभिः: with companions
• सङ्गिभिः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्गिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

• जलविप्रुषैः: with drops of water
• जलविप्रुषैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल + विप्रुष् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: जलस्य विप्रुषः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

Speakers

• Not explicit in provided excerpt; dharma/ritual instruction

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Dhātṛ
• Vidhātṛ

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha ritual
• Bali offerings
• Meal-time purity

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual gratitude and order (timely bali) and ordinary discipline (cleanliness during meals) are treated as safeguards; neglect in small duties is linked to larger moral/psychic disorder.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra (conduct/ritual) material; not one of the five defining cosmological topics.

What is the esoteric significance?

Dhātā/Vidhātā represent cosmic ordering; failing to ‘offer’ acknowledges a break with order. Water-splashes during eating symbolize distraction and contamination of intake—what one ‘takes in’ shapes mind and fate.