Shloka 68

Adhyaya 43 — Portents of Death (Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇas) and the Yogin’s Response; Alarka Renounces Kingship

Sanskrit

परित्यजिष्ये गार्हस्थ्यमार्तिपादपकाननम् ।

त्वत्तोऽनुज्ञां समासाद्य ज्ञानदातुर्महात्मनः ॥

Transliteration

parityajiṣye gārhasthyam ārti-pāda-pakānanam / tvatto 'nujñāṃ samāsādya jñāna-dātur mahātmanaḥ

Translation

“Sau khi được Ngài cho phép, con sẽ từ bỏ đời sống gia chủ—bề mặt của nó chỉ là sự phô bày và khổ lụy—hỡi bậc đại tâm, đấng ban tri thức.”

Word by Word

• परित्यजिष्ये: I shall abandon
• परित्यजिष्ये: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• गार्हस्थ्यम्: householder life
• गार्हस्थ्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गार्हस्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• आर्ति-पादप-काननम्: the forest of trees of distress (i.e., distressful thicket)
• आर्ति-पादप-काननम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + पादप (प्रातिपदिक) + कानन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (आर्तेः पादपाः यस्मिन् तत् काननम्)

• त्वत्तः: from you
• त्वत्तः: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन

• अनुज्ञाम्: permission
• अनुज्ञाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• समासाद्य: having approached/obtained
• समासाद्य: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√सद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having approached/obtained’

• ज्ञान-दातुः: of the giver of knowledge
• ज्ञान-दातुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक) + दातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ज्ञानस्य दाता)

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled one
• महात्मनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

Speakers

• Disciple/renunciant figure addressing Dattatreya (contextually Alarka/Jaḍa in this episode)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vairagya", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Vairagya (dispassion)
• Sannyasa/renunciation
• Guru-śiṣya instruction
• Moksha

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Renunciation is not portrayed as impulsive rebellion but as a disciplined transition undertaken with the guru’s consent; worldly life is described as intrinsically bound to suffering, prompting the seeker to prioritize liberating knowledge.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Upadeśa within narrative instruction rather than strict sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita; it supports vaṃśānucarita indirectly by shaping a king’s life-course through spiritual counsel.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Householder life as a façade’ can be read as critique of mere external roles (āśrama as costume) without inner freedom; the verse points to the shift from identity-with-role to identity-with-awareness (jñāna).