Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 43, Shloka 67

Adhyaya 43 — Portents of Death (Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇas) and the Yogin’s Response; Alarka Renounces Kingship

Sanskrit

सोऽहं तव प्रसादाग्नि-निर्दग्धाज्ञानकिल्बिषः ।

तथा यतिष्ये येनेदृङ् न भूयां दुःखभाजनम् ॥

Transliteration

so ’haṃ tava prasādāgni-nirdagdhājñāna-kilbiṣaḥ /

tathā yatiṣye yen edṛṅ na bhūyāṃ duḥkha-bhājanam

Translation

Vì vậy, con—những tội lỗi do vô minh của con đã bị thiêu đốt bởi ngọn lửa ân sủng của Ngài—sẽ tinh tấn sao cho con không bao giờ lại trở thành chiếc bình chứa sầu khổ như thế nữa.

Word by Word

• सः: that (one); he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सोऽहम्’ = ‘I am that (person)’

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• प्रसादाग्नि-निर्दग्धाज्ञानकिल्बिषः: whose ignorance-sin is burnt by (your) grace-fire
• प्रसादाग्नि-निर्दग्धाज्ञानकिल्बिषः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रसाद (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक) + निर्दग्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + अज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक) + किल्बिष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—‘प्रसादाग्निना निर्दग्धम् अज्ञानकिल्बिषं यस्य सः’ (whose sin of ignorance is burnt by the fire of grace)

• तथा: thus; in that way
• तथा: None (अव्यय/adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb)

• यतिष्ये: I will strive
• यतिष्ये: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यत् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple future/लृट्), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• येन: by which
• येन: Karana (करण/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-रूपेण; साधन/प्रकारार्थे ‘by which’

• ईदृक्: such (as this)
• ईदृक्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईदृश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत्/सर्वनामसदृश-विशेषणम्; ‘such (as this)’; here predicative qualifier

• न: not
• न: None (अव्यय/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)

• भूयाम्: may I become
• भूयाम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘may I not become’

• दुःखभाजनम्: a vessel of sorrow; one who suffers
• दुःखभाजनम्: Karma (कर्म/Predicate complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + भाजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘दुःखस्य भाजनम्’ (receptacle of sorrow); ‘भूयाम्’ इत्यस्य पूरक (predicate complement)

Speakers

• Alarka to Atri’s son (guru figure)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Grace (prasāda)
• Purification of ignorance
• Resolve and practice (yati)
• Freedom from suffering

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Insight must mature into sustained effort. The verse links grace with personal responsibility: the teacher’s compassion ignites purification, but the disciple must persevere so old patterns do not return.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

A concluding didactic statement within narrative (dharma and yoga instruction), not a direct pancalakṣaṇa segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Fire of grace’ is the inner transformative heat that burns avidyā-based impressions. The resolve ‘not to be a vessel of sorrow again’ points to stabilizing realization through abhyāsa and vairāgya.