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Shloka 5

Adhyaya 38Dattatreya on Non-Identification (Mamata) and the Path to Liberation

सोऽहं न दुःखी न सुखी यतोऽहं प्रकृतेः परः ।

यो भूताभिभवो भूतैः सुखदुःखात्मकॊ हि सः ॥

so 'haṃ na duḥkhī na sukhī yato 'haṃ prakṛteḥ paraḥ |

yo bhūtābhibhavo bhūtaiḥ sukhaduḥkhātmako hi saḥ ||

Vì thế, ta chẳng buồn cũng chẳng vui, bởi ta vượt ngoài prakṛti (tự nhiên vật chất). Kẻ bị các hữu thể và các điều kiện chế ngự thì quả thật được cấu thành bởi lạc và khổ.

saḥhe; that (one)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
duḥkhīsorrowful
duḥkhī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkhin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘aham’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
nanor
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
sukhīhappy
sukhī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukhin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘aham’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
yataḥbecause
yataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatas (अव्यय)
Formहेतुवाचक-अव्यय (causal indeclinable: because)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
prakṛteḥfrom nature; beyond prakṛti
prakṛteḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन
paraḥbeyond; transcendent
paraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘aham’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
bhūta-abhibhavaḥthe overpowering (of) beings; conqueror of beings
bhūta-abhibhavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta + abhibhava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (bhūtānām abhibhavaḥ = overpowering of beings / one who overpowers beings)
bhūtaiḥby beings
bhūtaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन
sukha-duḥkha-ātmakaḥconsisting of pleasure and pain
sukha-duḥkha-ātmakaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukha + duḥkha + ātmaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व (sukhaṃ ca duḥkhaṃ ca) + तत्पुरुष (tayor ātmakaḥ = consisting of both)
hiindeed; for
hi:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/causal particle)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘yaḥ ... saḥ’ सहसंबन्ध
Jaḍa to Dattātreya

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Ātman distinct from prakṛtiEquanimityBondage as being overpowered by conditions

FAQs

Freedom is defined as dis-identification: happiness and sorrow apply to the conditioned personality, not to the witnessing Self. Practically, this supports steadiness amid gain/loss.

Jnana-oriented instruction; ancillary to dharma teaching rather than a pancalakṣaṇa enumeration.

‘Beyond prakṛti’ signals a Sāṃkhya/Upaniṣadic register: puruṣa (witness) is untouched; sukha-duḥkha arise where identification with guṇas persists.