Shloka 2

Adhyaya 38 — Dattatreya on Non-Identification (Mamata) and the Path to Liberation

Sanskrit

सम्यक्प्रपश्यतो ब्रह्मन् मम दुःखं न किञ्चन ।

असम्यग्दर्शिनो मग्नाः सर्वदैवासुखार्णवे ॥

Transliteration

samyak prapaśyato brahman mama duḥkhaṃ na kiñcana |

asamyagdarśino magnāḥ sarvadaivāsukhārṇave ||

Translation

Bạch Bà-la-môn, đối với người thấy đúng như thật thì hoàn toàn không có sầu khổ. Kẻ thấy sai lầm thì luôn chìm đắm trong biển bất hạnh.

Word by Word

• samyak: properly; rightly
• samyak: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samyak (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• prapaśyataḥ: of (one who is) seeing clearly
• prapaśyataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√paś (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (context: संबोधन ‘brahman’ → addressed person)

• brahman: O brahmin
• brahman: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• duḥkham: sorrow
• duḥkham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; अत्र ‘न किञ्चन’ इत्यनेन सह—प्रथमा (there is no sorrow)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात (negation particle)

• kiñcana: anything at all
• kiñcana: Karta (कर्ता) / Pratiyogin
• Type: Noun
• Root: kiñcana (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; अनिश्चित-प्रमाण (indefinite)

• a-samyak-darśinaḥ: those who do not see rightly
• a-samyak-darśinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a + samyak + darśin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (samyak darśinaḥ) + नञ्-समास (a-samyak)

• magnāḥ: sunk; immersed
• magnāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √maj (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘a-samyak-darśinaḥ’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• sarvadā: always
• sarvadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• eva: indeed; just
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• a-sukha-arṇave: in the ocean of unhappiness
• a-sukha-arṇave: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a + sukha + arṇava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (sukhasya arṇavaḥ) + नञ्-समास (a-sukha = non-happiness)

Speakers

• Jaḍa to Dattātreya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Jñāna vs ajñāna
• Duḥkha as cognitive error
• Viveka

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Suffering is presented as dependent on ‘darśana’ (the way one sees). Ethical steadiness and peace follow from corrected understanding rather than mere external change.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

This is upadeśa (instruction) embedded in narrative; it does not directly enumerate sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita, but supports the Purāṇa’s role as dharma-jñāna teaching.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Right seeing’ implies disentangling the Self from prakṛti’s fluctuations; the ‘ocean’ image hints at saṃsāra as a mental continuum sustained by misapprehension.