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Shloka 7

Adhyaya 37Alarka’s Crisis and the Teaching on Non-Attachment (Madālasa’s Instruction Recalled)

तं तथा भोगसंसर्ग-प्रमत्तमजितेन्द्रियम् ।

सुबाहुर्नाम शुश्राव भ्राता तस्य वनेचरः ॥

taṃ tathā bhoga-saṃsarga-pramattam ajitendriyam |

subāhur nāma śuśrāva bhrātā tasya vanecaraḥ ||

Người anh của ông, tên Subāhu—sống trong rừng—nghe rằng ông đã say đắm bởi sự giao du với các hưởng thụ và chưa chế ngự được các căn của mình.

tamhim
tam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (accusative/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन)
tathāthus, in that way
tathā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial/क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormPrakāra-avyaya (manner adverb/प्रकार-अव्यय)
bhoga-saṃsarga-pramattamcareless from contact with pleasures
bhoga-saṃsarga-pramattam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of tam/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhoga + saṃsarga + pramatta (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormPuṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (accusative/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन); samāsa: tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘intoxicated/careless due to association with enjoyments’
ajita-indriyamwith uncontrolled senses
ajita-indriyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of tam/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-jita + indriya (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormPuṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (accusative/द्वितīyā), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन); samāsa: bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) ‘whose senses are unconquered’
subāhuḥSubāhu
subāhuḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsubāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā-vibhakti (nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन)
nāmaby name
nāma:
Sambandha (Appositive marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormSaṃjñā-sūcaka-avyaya (name-indicator particle/नाम)
śuśrāvaheard
śuśrāva:
Kriyā (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु √श्रु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
bhrātābrother
bhrātā:
Karta (Appositive to subāhuḥ/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā-vibhakti (nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन)
tasyaof him
tasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī-vibhakti (genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन)
vanecaraḥforest-dweller
vanecaraḥ:
Karta (Appositive to subāhuḥ/bhrātā/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvana + cara (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormPuṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā-vibhakti (nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन); samāsa: tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘one who moves in the forest’
Narratorial (frame-speakers not identifiable from provided verses alone)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Sense-controlForest vs court valuesMoral counsel

FAQs

The narrative introduces the corrective voice: the forest-dweller represents restraint and perspective, functioning as conscience to the court’s indulgence.

Vaṃśānucarita (biographical episode) rather than cosmological lakṣaṇas.

‘Forest’ symbolizes inner solitude and discipline; the brother’s emergence indicates that remedy for sensory excess comes from a different mode of life—withdrawal, tapas, and clarity.