Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 19, Shloka 27

Adhyaya 19 — Kartavirya Arjuna at Dattatreya’s Ashram: Boons, Sovereignty, and Vaishnava Praise

Sanskrit

अनष्टद्रव्यता चासीत्तस्मिन् शासति पार्थिवे ।

तेनेष्टं बहुभिर्यज्ञैः समाप्तवरदक्षिणैः ॥

Transliteration

anaṣṭadravyatā cāsīt tasmin śāsati pārthive / teneṣṭaṃ bahubhiryajñaiḥ samāptavaradakṣiṇaiḥ

Translation

Khi vị vua ấy trị vì, không hề có sự mất mát tài sản. Nhiều lễ tế (yajña) được cử hành và hoàn tất với lễ vật thù lao tế tự (dakṣiṇā) thật ưu thắng.

Word by Word

• अनष्टद्रव्यता: non-loss of property/prosperity
• अनष्टद्रव्यता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनष्ट + द्रव्य + ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुष: अनष्टं द्रव्यं यस्य/यत्र सा (state of no loss of wealth)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (and)

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• तस्मिन्: in him/under him
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शासति: while ruling
• शासति: अधिकरण (Locative absolute-like: during his ruling)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शास् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘while ruling’

• पार्थिवे: in/under the king
• पार्थिवे: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative; apposition to तस्मिन्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तेन: by him
• तेन: करण (Karana/Instrument; agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), एकवचन

• इष्टम्: (sacrifice) was performed
• इष्टम्: कर्म (Karma; thing done)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘sacrifice was performed’

• बहुभिः: by many
• बहुभिः: विशेषण (modifier of यज्ञैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• यज्ञैः: with sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: करण (Karana/Instrument: by means of sacrifices)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• समाप्तवरदक्षिणैः: with properly completed excellent sacrificial gifts
• समाप्तवरदक्षिणैः: विशेषण (modifier of यज्ञैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समाप्त + वर + दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; यज्ञ-विशेषण; तत्पुरुष: समाप्ता वरदक्षिणा येषां ते (having excellent fees duly completed)

Speakers

• Jaḍa (narrator)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Good governance
• Economic security
• Vedic sacrifice culture
• Dana and ritual patronage

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dharmic rule yields social trust: when theft/loss disappears, resources flow into yajña and dāna. Prosperity is portrayed not as hoarding but as enabling public religious and charitable acts.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita with dharma/ācāra coloration: the king’s reign is evaluated by security and ritual flourishing.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘No loss of property’ can symbolize inner steadiness (non-dissipation of vital energies); ‘many yajñas’ then represent disciplined offerings of life-energies into higher purpose.