Shloka 52

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

यथा पुनरहोरात्र-संस्थानमुपजायते ।

यथा च तस्याः स्वपतिर् न साध्व्या नाशमेṣ्यति ॥

Transliteration

yathā punar ahorātra-saṃsthānam upajāyate | yathā ca tasyāḥ svapatir na sādhvyā nāśam eṣyati ||

Translation

Để trật tự ngày và đêm lại phát sinh, và để chồng của bà không bị diệt vong vì người phụ nữ đức hạnh ấy—điều ấy phải được bảo đảm.

Word by Word

• यथा: as, so that
• यथा: सम्बन्ध (Comparative relation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conj./adverb ‘as/so that’)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• अहोरात्रसंस्थानम्: the arrangement/order of day and night
• अहोरात्रसंस्थानम्: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहोरात्र+संस्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—अहोरात्रस्य संस्थानम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः); अहोरात्र = अहः+रात्र (द्वन्द्व/समाहार)

• उपजायते: arises, comes into being
• उपजायते: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप+जन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• यथा: and so that
• यथा: सम्बन्ध (Comparative relation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conj./adverb ‘as/so that’)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• स्वपतिः: her own husband
• स्वपतिः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—स्वः पति: (कर्मधारयः)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• साध्व्याः: of the virtuous woman
• साध्व्याः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साध्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; ‘साध्वी’ (virtuous wife) as possessor/related

• नाशम्: destruction
• नाशम्: कर्म (Object/goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• एष्यति: will go/come (to)
• एष्यति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Speakers

• Continuation of Anasūyā’s resolution (contextual); addressed to the Devas

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Anasūyā
• Devas

Shakti Aspects

• Pativratā-śakti balanced with loka-saṃgraha (world-welfare)

Key Themes

• Cosmic order (time)
• Compassion
• Dharma balance
• Protection of life

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A dharmic resolution preserves multiple goods at once: cosmic regularity (day/night) and non-harm (the husband’s life). Purāṇic ethics often seeks such harmonization rather than one-sided victory.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Cosmic-order maintenance motif (adjacent to sarga as ordered manifestation), but delivered as a dharma narrative about the power and restraint of vows.

What is the esoteric significance?

Day/night are symbolic of prāṇa’s alternating flows and consciousness states. Restoring their ‘saṃsthāna’ while preventing ‘nāśa’ points to stabilizing inner cycles without collateral damage—siddhi under dharma.