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Shloka 10

विराटसभायां पाण्डवानां प्रवेशः — Arjuna’s Encomium of Yudhiṣṭhira in Virāṭa’s Court

निपातिते दन्तिवरे पृथिव्यां त्रासाद्‌ विकर्ण: सहसावतीर्य । तूर्ण पदान्यष्टशतानि गत्वा विविंशते: स्यन्दनममारुरोह

nipātite dantivare pṛthivyāṃ trāsād vikarṇaḥ sahasāvatīrya | tūrṇaṃ padāny aṣṭaśatāni gatvā viviṃśateḥ syandanam amāruroha ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: Khi con voi hùng mạnh đã bị quật ngã xuống đất, Vikarṇa kinh hãi liền nhảy xuống ngay. Vội vã chạy đi, hắn vượt tám trăm bước rồi leo lên chiến xa của Viviṃśati. Câu chuyện cho thấy những đảo chiều bất ngờ nơi chiến trận thử thách sự vững tâm; nỗi sợ có thể khiến cả một chiến binh phải tìm chỗ nương tựa tức thì, từ hành động đơn độc chuyển sang dựa vào sự che chở của đồng minh.

निपातितेwhen (it was) felled
निपातिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिपातित (नि+पत्, caus./ppp)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
दन्तिवरेin the best elephant
दन्तिवरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तिवर
Formmasculine, locative, singular
पृथिव्याम्on the ground
पृथिव्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
Formfeminine, locative, singular
त्रासात्from fear
त्रासात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रास
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
विकर्णःVikarna
विकर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकर्ण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
अवतीर्यhaving descended/jumped down
अवतीर्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअव+तॄ
Formabsolutive (gerund), active
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
पदानिsteps
पदानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपद
Formneuter, accusative, plural
अष्टशतानिeight hundred
अष्टशतानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टशत
Formneuter, accusative, plural
गत्वाhaving gone
गत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formabsolutive (gerund), active
विविंशतेःof Vivimshati
विविंशतेः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootविविंशति
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
स्यन्दनम्chariot
स्यन्दनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्यन्दन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अमारुरोहmounted/ascended
अमारुरोह:
TypeVerb
Rootआ+रुह्
Formperfect, 3rd, singular, active

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Vikarṇa
V
Viviṃśati
E
elephant
C
chariot
E
earth/ground

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the psychological reality of battle: when circumstances abruptly turn—here, the fall of a powerful elephant—fear can overwhelm composure, prompting retreat and dependence on comrades. It invites reflection on steadiness (dhairya) and the ethical ideal of self-control under pressure.

After a great elephant is knocked down, Vikarṇa becomes frightened, jumps down, runs about eight hundred paces, and then climbs onto Viviṃśati’s chariot, seeking safety and support amid the ongoing combat.