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Mahabharata — Virata Parva, Shloka 59

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

पश्चादेष प्रयातव्यो न मे विघ्नकरो भवेत्‌ । एतेन युध्यमानस्य यत्त: संयच्छ मे हयान्‌

paścād eṣa prayātavyo na me vighnakaro bhavet | etena yudhyamānasya yattaḥ saṃyaccha me hayān |

Arjuna nói: “Hãy để ngài ấy đi phía sau chúng ta, để không trở thành chướng ngại cho bước tiến của ta. Khi ta giao chiến với đối thủ này, hãy tỉnh táo và giữ chặt cương ngựa cho ta.”

पश्चात्afterwards/behind
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रयातव्यःto be made to go / should go
प्रयातव्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-या (धातु: या)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्), Obligation/necessity
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मेof me / for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
विघ्नकरःobstacle-causing
विघ्नकरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविघ्नकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एतेनwith this (one)
एतेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
युध्यमानस्यof (me) fighting / while fighting
युध्यमानस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootयुध्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular, Present participle (शतृ), Atmanepada sense
यत्तःcareful, attentive
यत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संयच्छrestrain/hold/control
संयच्छ:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-यम् (धातु: यम्)
FormImperative (लोट्), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेmy
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
H
horses

Educational Q&A

Even in battle, success depends on disciplined coordination: removing avoidable obstacles, maintaining vigilance, and exercising control over one’s instruments (here, the horses), reflecting the broader ethic of self-mastery and responsible command.

Arjuna issues tactical instructions: someone should remain behind so as not to hinder his movement, and the charioteer is told to stay alert and firmly manage Arjuna’s horses while Arjuna fights the opponent.