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Shloka 42

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

धर्म चार्थ च काम॑ च यथावद्‌ वदतां वर । विभज्य काले कालज्ञ: सर्वान्‌ सेवेत पण्डित:,“वक्ताओंमें श्रेष्ठ! उचित कालका ज्ञान रखनेवाला विद्दान्‌ पुरुष धर्म, अर्थ और काम तीनोंका यथावत्‌ विभाग करके उपयुक्त समयपर उन सबका सेवन करे

vaiśampāyana uvāca | dharmaṃ cārthaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca yathāvad vadatāṃ vara | vibhajya kāle kālajñaḥ sarvān seveta paṇḍitaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Hỡi bậc nhất trong những người diễn thuyết, người trí—kẻ hiểu đúng thời—phải phân định dharma, artha và kāma cho rành rẽ, rồi theo đuổi mỗi điều vào lúc thích hợp.”

धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्थम्wealth, purpose
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कामम्desire, pleasure
कामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथावत्properly, as it should be
यथावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
वदताम्of those who speak
वदताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वरO best (excellent one)
वर:
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विभज्यhaving divided, after apportioning
विभज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-भज्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Active
कालेin/at the (proper) time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कालज्ञःknower of time, one who knows the right time
कालज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकालज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वान्all (of them)
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सेवेतshould practice/engage in, should pursue
सेवेत:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormVidhi-ling (Optative), Present-system, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
पण्डितःa learned man, wise person
पण्डितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

Human aims—dharma (duty), artha (welfare/means), and kāma (pleasure)—are not to be pursued blindly or all at once; a discerning person separates them and follows each in a timely, appropriate way so that none violates dharma or undermines long-term good.

Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, conveys a general ethical maxim within the Vana Parva context: guidance on balanced living and prudent conduct, emphasizing discernment and timing rather than impulsive pursuit of any single goal.