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Shloka 108

युधिछिर उवाच शृणु यक्ष कुलं तात न स्वाध्यायो न च श्रुतम्‌ । कारणं हि द्विजत्वे च वृत्तमेव न संशय:

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: śṛṇu yakṣa kulaṃ tāta na svādhyāyo na ca śrutam | kāraṇaṃ hi dvijatve ca vṛttam eva na saṃśayaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira đáp: “Hãy nghe đây, hỡi Yakṣa, người thân mến: không phải tự học Veda (svādhyāya), cũng không phải chỉ nghe mà thành học, là nguyên nhân của Brahmin tính. Nền tảng của địa vị ‘nhị sinh’ chính là hạnh kiểm mà thôi—không còn nghi ngờ gì.”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
यक्षO Yakṣa
यक्ष:
TypeNoun
Rootयक्ष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कुलम्lineage, family
कुलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तातO dear one / O father (term of address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्वाध्यायःVedic study, self-recitation
स्वाध्यायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nor / not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्रुतम्learning, what is heard (scriptural learning)
श्रुतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कारणम्cause
कारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
द्विजत्वेin (the state of) being a twice-born
द्विजत्वे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजत्व
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वृत्तम्conduct, behavior
वृत्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवalone, indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Y
Yakṣa

Educational Q&A

Brahminhood (and true ‘twice-born’ status) is determined primarily by ethical conduct (vṛtta), not by mere scriptural study (svādhyāya) or accumulated learning (śruta) without character.

In the Yakṣa-prashna episode, Yudhiṣṭhira answers the Yakṣa’s probing questions about dharma and human excellence; here he asserts that moral conduct is the decisive mark of a true dvija, surpassing mere scholarship.