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Shloka 107

यक्ष उवाच राजन्‌ कुलेन वृत्तेन स्वाध्यायेन श्रुतेन वा । ब्राह्म॒ण्यं केन भवति प्रब्रूहीतत्‌ सुनिश्चितम्‌,यक्षने पूछा--राजन्‌! कुल, आचार, स्वाध्याय और शास्त्रश्रवण--इनमेंसे किसके द्वारा ब्राह्मणत्व सिद्ध होता है? यह बात निश्चय करके बताओ

yakṣa uvāca rājān kulena vṛttena svādhyāyena śrutena vā | brāhmaṇyaṁ kena bhavati prabrūhīta niścitām ||

Yakṣa hỏi: “Tâu Đại vương, Brahmin tính được xác lập bởi dòng dõi, bởi hạnh kiểm, bởi tự học kinh điển (svādhyāya), hay bởi sự học do nghe giảng? Xin hãy nói dứt khoát: nhờ điều nào mà đạt được địa vị Bà-la-môn chân chính?”

यक्षःthe Yaksha
यक्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कुलेनby lineage/family
कुलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वृत्तेनby conduct/behavior
वृत्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
स्वाध्यायेनby self-study (Vedic study)
स्वाध्यायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
श्रुतेनby learning/hearing (scriptural learning)
श्रुतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
ब्राह्मण्यंBrahminhood, the state of being a Brahmin
ब्राह्मण्यं:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
केनby what? by which (means)?
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Indicative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रब्रूहिtell, declare
प्रब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (answer/matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुनिश्चितम्well-determined, certain
सुनिश्चितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुनिश्चित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

यक्ष उवाच

यक्ष (Yaksha)
राजन् (the King—Yudhiṣṭhira in context)
ब्राह्मण्य (Brahminhood)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma inquiry into the basis of ‘brāhmaṇya’—whether social identity is grounded in birth/lineage, ethical conduct, disciplined study, or received learning—pushing toward a value-based understanding of status rather than a merely hereditary one.

During the Yaksha’s interrogation in the forest, the Yaksha challenges the king with a decisive question about the true criterion for Brahminhood, testing his discernment of dharma and moral reasoning.