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Shloka 22

Draupadī’s Lament and Theodicy: Dharma, Dice, and Īśvara’s Governance (Āraṇyaka-parva 31)

यस्य नार्ष प्रमाणं स्याच्छिष्टाचारक्ष भाविनि । न वै तस्य परो लोको नायमस्तीति निश्चय:,भाविनि! जिसकी दृष्टिमें ऋषियोंके वचन और शिष्ट पुरुषोंके आचार प्रमाणभूत नहीं हैं, उसके लिये न यह लोक है और न परलोक, यह तत्त्ववेत्ता महापुरुषोंका निश्चय है

yasya nārṣa-pramāṇaṁ syāc chiṣṭācāra-kṣa-bhāvini | na vai tasya paro loko nāyam astīti niścayaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Hỡi phu nhân cao quý, với kẻ không xem lời chứng của các ṛṣi là thẩm quyền, cũng không lấy nếp sống của bậc hiền thiện làm chuẩn mực—thì, theo kết luận của những bậc tri chân lý, chẳng có ‘đời này’ cũng chẳng có ‘đời sau’. Người ấy bị bỏ lại không một nền tảng vững chắc cho đời sống, bổn phận và ý nghĩa.”

यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आर्षम्of the seers; rishi-based
आर्षम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्ष
Formneuter, nominative, singular
प्रमाणम्authority; valid means (of knowledge)
प्रमाणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
Formneuter, nominative, singular
स्यात्would be/is (as a possibility/condition)
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
शिष्टाचारःconduct of the learned/virtuous (good custom)
शिष्टाचारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्टाचार
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भाविनिO future one!/O (you) destined one! (vocative address)
भाविनि:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभाविन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैindeed; certainly
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
तस्यfor him/of him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
परःother; next (i.e., beyond)
परः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
लोकःworld; realm
लोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अयम्this (world/one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent (lat), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
इतिthus; 'so'
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चयःcertainty; settled conclusion
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
ṛṣis (seers)
Ś
śiṣṭa (the virtuous/exemplary people)
T
this world (ayam lokaḥ)
T
the other world (para lokaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Dharma requires reliable standards: the testimony of the ṛṣis (ārṣa-pramāṇa) and the lived example of the virtuous (śiṣṭācāra). Rejecting both leaves a person without any coherent basis for right action or for affirming meaning in either this life or the next.

Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a noble lady in a moral discussion, emphasizing that those who dismiss seer-authority and exemplary social conduct become unmoored from dharma, effectively forfeiting the ordered goods of both worldly life and the hope of the beyond.