Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 11

Draupadī’s Instruction on Marital Conduct and Household Discipline (चित्तग्रहण-उपदेश)

इस प्रकार अथर्वाको भेजकर अग्निदेव दूसरे स्थानमें चले गये। किंतु मत्स्योंने अथर्वासे उनकी स्थिति कहाँ है, यह बता दिया। इससे कुपित होकर अग्निने उन्हें शाप देते हुए कहा --“तुम लोग नाना प्रकारसे जीवोंके भक्ष्य बनोगे” ।।

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca | evaṃ prakāram atharvākaṃ preṣya havyavāho 'gnidevo 'nyatra jagāma | kintu matsyair atharvāya tasya sthitiḥ kutra iti niveditā | tataḥ kupito 'gnir abhīśāpayan uvāca—“yūyaṃ nānāprakāraiḥ prāṇināṃ bhakṣyā bhaviṣyatha” iti || atharvāṇaṃ tathā cāpi havyavāho 'bravīd vacaḥ | tadanantaram agnir atharvāya punar eva tad vacaḥ provāca | tadā devavacanād atharvā munis saha-nāmānaṃ agnidevaṃ atyantaṃ prārthayām āsa; sa tu na havir-vāhana-bhāraṃ grahītuṃ cakāma, na ca svaṃ jīrṇaṃ śarīra-bhāram api soḍhuṃ śaśāka | ante sa śarīraṃ tyaktavān ||

Mārkaṇḍeya nói: Sau khi đã sai Atharvāka đi, Agni—đấng mang lễ vật—rời sang nơi khác. Nhưng bầy cá đã tiết lộ cho Atharvā biết ông ở đâu. Agni nổi giận và rủa chúng rằng: “Các ngươi sẽ trở thành thức ăn cho muôn loài, theo nhiều cách khác nhau.” Rồi thần Lửa lại nói điều ấy một lần nữa với Atharvā. Khi ấy, theo lời chư thiên, hiền triết Atharvā hết lòng khẩn cầu Agni (cũng gọi là Saha). Nhưng Agni chẳng muốn gánh việc mang lễ vật, lại cũng không thể chịu nổi gánh nặng của chính thân thể đã hao mòn. Cuối cùng, ngài lìa bỏ thân xác.

अथर्वाणम्Atharvan (sage) (as object)
अथर्वाणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअथर्वन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हव्यवाहःAgni, the carrier of oblations
हव्यवाहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहव्यवाह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

मार्कण्डेय (Mārkaṇḍeya)
अथर्वा (Atharvā)
अथर्वाक (Atharvāka)
अग्निदेव / हव्यवाह (Agni / Havyavāha)
मत्स्य (fishes)
देवता (the gods)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights moral causality: actions that obstruct or expose divine intent can invite consequences (the fishes become prey). It also underscores the limits of embodied existence—even a divine force like Agni is portrayed as constrained by ‘burden’ and bodily decline, pointing to impermanence and the gravity of duty.

Agni leaves after sending Atharvāka, but the fishes disclose Agni’s whereabouts to Atharvā. Agni, angered, curses the fishes to become food for many beings. Atharvā then pleads with Agni (called Saha) at the gods’ request, but Agni refuses the task of carrying oblations and, unable to bear his worn body, finally gives up his body.