Shloka 34

Agni’s Withdrawal to the Forest and Identification with Āṅgirasa (अग्न्याङ्गिरस-इतिहासः)

Devanagari script

जितेन्द्रियो धर्मपर: स्वाध्यायनिरत: शुचि:

Transliteration

jitendriyo dharmaparaḥ svādhyāyanirataḥ śuciḥ

Translation

“Người ấy là kẻ đã chế ngự các căn, chuyên tâm nơi dharma, luôn tinh cần tự học tụng kinh điển thánh, và thanh tịnh trong hạnh kiểm.”

Word by Word

• जितेन्द्रियः: one who has conquered (his) senses; self-controlled
• जितेन्द्रियः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित-इन्द्रिय (जि √जि + इन्द्रिय)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मपरः: devoted to dharma; intent on righteousness
• धर्मपरः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-पर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वाध्यायनिरतः: engaged in self-study (Vedic study); devoted to recitation/study
• स्वाध्यायनिरतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वाध्याय-निरत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शुचिः: pure; clean; disciplined
• शुचिः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्राह्मण (a Brahmin speaker)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse defines an ideal ethical-spiritual character: mastery over the senses (jitendriya), unwavering commitment to dharma (dharmapara), disciplined engagement with sacred learning (svādhyāya), and inner/outer purity (śuci). Together these are presented as foundational virtues for a righteous life.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Brahmin speaker is describing (or praising) a person by listing hallmark virtues—self-restraint, dharma-centeredness, dedication to sacred study, and purity—serving as a moral characterization within the Vana Parva’s broader didactic and exemplary discourse.