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Shloka 4

Vyādha–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda: Śāpa, Vṛtta-Dharma, and Counsel Against Viṣāda

Grief

पिता माता च भगवन्‌ गुरुरेव च सत्तम | यच्चान्यद्‌ देवविहितं तच्चापि भूगुनन्दन,“भगवन! श्रेष्ठ ब्रह्मर्ष] इस जगत्‌में सूर्य, चन्द्रमा, वायु, पृथिवी, अग्नि, पिता, माता और गुरु--ये प्रत्यक्ष देवता दिखायी देते हैं। भूगुनन्दन! इसके सिवा अन्य जो देवतारूपसे स्थापित देवविग्रह हैं, वे भी प्रत्यक्ष देवताओंकी ही कोटियें हैं"

pitā mātā ca bhagavan gurur eva ca sattama | yac cānyad devavihitaṃ tac cāpi bhṛgunandana ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Bạch tôn giả, cha, mẹ, và cả thầy—hỡi bậc thiện lành nhất—đều phải được xem là những thần linh hiển hiện. Và bất cứ điều gì khác được thần thánh chế định và thiết lập như một hình thái của các thần, hỡi niềm vui của dòng Bhṛgu, cũng thuộc cùng một hàng ‘thần linh hữu hình’ ấy.”

{'pitā''father', 'mātā': 'mother', 'bhagavan': 'venerable one
{'pitā':
blessed lord (honorific address)', 'guruḥ''teacher
blessed lord (honorific address)', 'guruḥ':
spiritual preceptor', 'eva''indeed
spiritual preceptor', 'eva':
certainly', 'sattama''best among the good/excellent (superlative honorific)', 'yat': 'whatever
certainly', 'sattama':
that which', 'ca''and', 'anyad': 'other
that which', 'ca':
additional', 'deva-vihitam''ordained by the gods
additional', 'deva-vihitam':
divinely instituted', 'tat''that', 'api': 'also
divinely instituted', 'tat':
even', 'bhṛgu-nandana''descendant/delight of Bhṛgu (honorific epithet)'}
even', 'bhṛgu-nandana':

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
F
father
M
mother
G
guru (teacher)
B
Bhṛgu lineage (bhṛgunandana)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that dharma begins with reverence to those who directly sustain and guide one’s life—father, mother, and guru—treating them as ‘manifest’ divinity; it also affirms respect for other divinely sanctioned forms of worship as belonging to the sphere of visible sacred presence.

Vaiśampāyana, in the course of recounting the Vana Parva narrative, states a general dharmic principle: certain human relationships (parents and teacher) are to be honored as immediate, tangible embodiments of the divine, alongside other divinely instituted objects/forms of reverence.