Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 113

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

विदितार्थस्तु वेदानां परिवेद प्रयोजनम्‌ । उद्विजेत्‌ स तु वेदेभ्यो दावाग्नेरिव मानव:,जब मनुष्य वेदोंके वास्तविक प्रयोजनको जान जाता है, तब वह वेदवेत्ता मानव (कर्मविधायक) समस्त वेदोंसे उसी प्रकार उपरत हो जाता है, जैसे मनुष्य दावानलसे हट जाते हैं

viditārthas tu vedānāṃ pariveda prayojanam | udvijet sa tu vedebhyo dāvāgner iva mānavaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Khi một người đã thực sự hiểu thấu ý nghĩa của các Veda và nhận rõ trọn vẹn mục đích chân thật của chúng, thì bậc thông Veda ấy sẽ quay lưng với những Veda chỉ nhằm quy định nghi lễ—như người đời lánh xa một trận hỏa hoạn rừng dữ dội.”

विदितार्थःone who has known the meaning/purport
विदितार्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविदितार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वेदानाम्of the Vedas
वेदानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परिवेदknow fully/understand thoroughly
परिवेद:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-विद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रयोजनम्purpose/aim
प्रयोजनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयोजन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उद्विजेत्would shrink away/turn away
उद्विजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√विज्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वेदेभ्यःfrom the Vedas
वेदेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
दावाग्नेःfrom a forest-fire
दावाग्नेः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदावाग्नि
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
मानवःa man/human
मानवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
V
Vedas
D
dāvāgni (forest-fire)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that once one grasps the true aim of the Vedas—inner realization and right understanding—one naturally outgrows mere ritual injunctions (karma-kāṇḍa). Clinging to ritual alone then feels dangerous and limiting, like staying near a forest-fire.

Yudhiṣṭhira is reflecting on the hierarchy of spiritual pursuits: the Vedas guide action and duty, but their deeper intent points beyond ritual to insight. He uses the vivid image of people retreating from a wildfire to describe turning away from purely action-oriented Vedic prescriptions after realizing their ultimate purpose.