Shloka 59
ब्राह्मणानुयात्रा—शौनकोपदेशः
Brāhmaṇas Follow into Exile and Śaunaka’s Instruction
श्वभ्यश्न श्वपचेभ्यश्व वयोभ्यश्वावपेद् भुवि । वैश्वदेवं हि नामैतत् सायं प्रातश्न॒ दीयते,कुत्तों, चाण्डालों और कौवोंके लिये पृथ्वीपर अन्न डाल दे। यह वैश्वदेव नामक महान् यज्ञ है, जिसका अनुष्ठान प्रातःकाल और सायंकालमें भी किया जाता है
śvabhyaś ca śvapacebhyaś ca vayobhyaś cāvaped bhuvi | vaiśvadevaṁ hi nāmaitat sāyaṁ prātaś ca dīyate ||
Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Hãy đặt thức ăn xuống đất cho chó, cho những kẻ bị xem là tiện dân (những người ăn thịt chó), và cho chim chóc. Đó chính là đại lễ gọi là Vaiśvadeva, phải cử hành cả buổi chiều lẫn buổi sáng.”
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Dharma includes daily, practical compassion: one should set aside food even for beings and people at the margins (dogs, birds, and outcastes). Such giving is framed as Vaiśvadeva—an everyday sacrificial duty performed morning and evening—showing that ritual is fulfilled through ethical care for living beings.
Yudhiṣṭhira explains a householder’s (or disciplined person’s) daily obligation: before or alongside one’s own meal, food should be offered outside for animals and those who may not be welcomed into the home. He identifies this act as the Vaiśvadeva rite, to be done regularly at dawn and dusk.