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Shloka 58

ब्राह्मणानुयात्रा—शौनकोपदेशः

Brāhmaṇas Follow into Exile and Śaunaka’s Instruction

आत्मार्थ पाचयेन्नान्नं न वृथा घातयेत्‌ पशून्‌ । न च तत्‌ स्वयमश्रीयाद्‌ विधिवद्‌ यन्न निर्वपेत्‌,केवल अपने लिये अन्न न पकावे (देवता-पितरों एवं अतिथियोंके उद्देश्यसे ही भोजन बनानेका विधान है), निकम्मे पशुओंकी भी हिंसा न करे और जिस वस्तुको विधिपूर्वक देवता आदिके लिये अर्पित न करे, उसे स्वयं भी न खाय

ātmārthaṃ pācayen nānnaṃ na vṛthā ghātayet paśūn | na ca tat svayam aśnīyād vidhivad yan na nirvapet ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Chớ nấu ăn chỉ vì riêng mình; cũng chớ giết hại loài vật khi không có mục đích chân chính. Và vật gì chưa được dâng cúng đúng phép—lên chư thần và những bậc đáng thọ nhận—thì chính mình cũng không nên ăn.”

आत्मार्थम्for oneself / for one’s own purpose
आत्मार्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाचयेत्should cook / should cause to be cooked
पाचयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपच्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वृथाin vain / without purpose
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
घातयेत्should kill / should cause to be killed
घातयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (णिच्: घातयति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Parasmaipada
पशून्animals
पशून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपशु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (food/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
स्वयम्oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
अश्रीयात्should eat
अश्रीयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Parasmaipada
विधिवत्according to rule / duly
विधिवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधि + वत्
यत्which (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निर्वपेत्should offer / should present (as oblation)
निर्वपेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि + वप्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
paśu (animals)
D
deities (implicit)
P
pitṛs/manes (implicit)
A
atithis/guests (implicit)

Educational Q&A

Food and life should not be used for mere self-indulgence: one should prepare meals with a sense of duty toward gods, ancestors, and guests, avoid needless killing of animals, and refrain from eating what has not first been properly offered.

In the Vana Parva’s dharma-discourse context, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates a rule of righteous living: disciplined consumption, ritual propriety in eating, and ethical restraint regarding harm to animals.