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Shloka 57

ब्राह्मणानुयात्रा—शौनकोपदेशः

Brāhmaṇas Follow into Exile and Śaunaka’s Instruction

अग्निहोत्रमनड्वांश्व॒ ज्ञातयो5तिथिबान्धवा: । पुत्रा दाराश्च भृत्याश्व निर्दहेयुरपूजिता:,यदि गृहस्थ मनुष्य अग्निहोत्र, साँड, जाति-भाई, अतिथि-अभ्यागत, बन्धु-बान्धव, स्त्री-पुत्र तथा भृत्यजनोंका आदर-सत्कार न करे तो वे अपनी क्रोधाग्निसे उसे जला सकते हैं

agnihotram anaḍvāṁś ca jñātayo ’tithibāndhavāḥ | putrā dārāś ca bhṛtyāś ca nirdaheyuḥ apūjitāḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Nếu người gia chủ không kính trọng lễ Agnihotra thiêng liêng, không chăm lo bò kéo, không tôn kính bà con, khách khứa và thân thuộc—lại còn xem nhẹ con cái, vợ và người hầu—thì khi bị bỏ rơi trong sự bất kính, họ có thể thiêu đốt người ấy bằng ngọn lửa phẫn nộ của mình. Vì thế, sự lơ là lòng tôn kính trong gia thất trở thành hiểm họa đạo lý, tự nuốt chửng sinh mệnh và danh giá của chính mình.”

अग्निहोत्रम्Agnihotra rite (fire-offering)
अग्निहोत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्निहोत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनड्वान्a bull (draught-ox)
अनड्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनड्वाह्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ज्ञातयःkinsmen/relatives
ज्ञातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अतिथिबान्धवाःguests and friends/kinsmen
अतिथिबान्धवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथिबान्धव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दाराःwife/wives
दाराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भृत्याःservants/attendants
भृत्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निर्दहेयुःmight burn (him)
निर्दहेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
अपूजिताःnot honored/unworshipped
अपूजिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपूजित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Agnihotra (sacred fire-rite)
A
anaḍvān (draught-ox)
A
atithi (guest)
J
jñāti (kinsmen)
B
bāndhava (relations)
P
putra (sons/children)
D
dārā (wife)
B
bhṛtya (servants)

Educational Q&A

A householder must uphold dharma through daily sacred duty (Agnihotra) and through respectful care of dependents and social ties—guests, kin, family members, and servants. Neglecting them invites moral and social ruin, symbolized as being ‘burned’ by their anger.

Yudhiṣṭhira is articulating norms of gṛhastha-dharma: the household is sustained by ritual obligation and by honoring those who support and depend on it. He warns that disrespect toward these pillars of domestic life rebounds destructively upon the negligent householder.