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Shloka 52

ब्राह्मणानुयात्रा—शौनकोपदेशः

Brāhmaṇas Follow into Exile and Śaunaka’s Instruction

कथं हा[स्मद्विधो ब्रह्मन्‌ वर्तमानो गृहाश्रमे । भरणं पालन चापि न कुर्यादनुयायिनाम्‌,विप्रवर! गृहस्थ-आश्रममें रहनेवाला मेरे-जैसा पुरुष अपने अनुयायियोंका भरण- पोषण भी न करे, यह कैसे उचित हो सकता है?

kathaṁ hāsmadvidho brahman vartamāno gṛhāśrame | bharaṇaṁ pālanaṁ cāpi na kuryād anuyāyinām, vipravara ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Bạch Bà-la-môn, một người như ta—đang sống trong giai đoạn gia chủ—làm sao có thể là điều đúng đắn nếu lại không nuôi dưỡng và che chở những kẻ theo ta, nương tựa vào ta, hỡi bậc tối thượng trong hàng Bà-la-môn?”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्मद्विधःone like me
अस्मद्विधः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्मद्विध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मन्O Brahmin
ब्रह्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्तमानःbeing/remaining
वर्तमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवर्तमान
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
गृहाश्रमेin the householder stage
गृहाश्रमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृहाश्रम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भरणम्support/maintenance
भरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पालनम्protection/care
पालनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपालन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुर्यात्should do/make
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular, potential/should
अनुयायिनाम्of followers/dependents
अनुयायिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअनुयायिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
विप्रवरO best of Brahmins
विप्रवर:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्रवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Brahmin (vipra)
F
followers/attendants (anuyāyins)
G
gṛhastha-āśrama (householder stage)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts gṛhastha-dharma: one who lives as a householder—especially a leader—must sustain (bharaṇa) and protect (pālana) those dependent on him; neglecting followers is ethically improper.

Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a Brahmin, justifying his sense of obligation: as a householder and responsible figure, he cannot consider it right to abandon the maintenance and protection of his attendants and dependents.