Shloka 13

हिरण्यपुरवर्णनम्

Description of Hiraṇyapura and the Nivātakavacas

Devanagari script

अत्र गोव्रतिनो विप्रा: स्वाध्यायाम्नायकर्शिता: । त्यक्तप्राणा जितस्वर्गा निवसन्ति महर्षय:

Transliteration

atra govratino viprāḥ svādhyāyāmnāyakaṛśitāḥ | tyaktaprāṇā jitasvargā nivasanti maharṣayaḥ ||

Translation

Nārada nói: “Tại đây cư ngụ các đại hiền triết—những đạo sĩ Bà-la-môn giữ ‘ngưu thệ’ (govrata). Họ hao mòn vì tụng đọc và học tập kỷ luật theo truyền thống thánh điển; chẳng màng đến cả sinh mạng mình. Nhờ khổ hạnh, họ đã chinh phục quả vị thiên giới, nên an trú tại nơi này.”

Word by Word

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र

• गोव्रतिनः: observing the cow-vow (go-vrata)
• गोव्रतिनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोव्रतिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विप्राः: brahmins
• विप्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्वाध्यायाम्नायकर्शिताः: emaciated/leaned by self-study and traditional recitation
• स्वाध्यायाम्नायकर्शिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वाध्यायाम्नायकर्शित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• त्यक्तप्राणाः: having abandoned concern for life (as if life given up)
• त्यक्तप्राणाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्यक्तप्राण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जितस्वर्गाः: having conquered/won heaven
• जितस्वर्गाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जितस्वर्ग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• निवसन्ति: dwell, reside
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√वस्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• महर्षयः: great sages
• महर्षयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nārada
• viprāḥ (Brahmin sages)
• maharṣayaḥ (great seers)
• svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse praises disciplined Vedic study and austerity: sages who practice restraint (go-vrata) and persevere in svādhyāya become spiritually accomplished, valuing dharma and tapas over bodily comfort and even over fear of death, thereby ‘winning’ heavenly attainment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Nārada is describing a sacred locale and its residents: Brahmin seers devoted to a particular vow and rigorous traditional learning live there, characterized by ascetic endurance and spiritual achievement.