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Shloka 14

हिरण्यपुरवर्णनम्

Description of Hiraṇyapura and the Nivātakavacas

यत्रतत्रशयो नित्यं येन केनचिदाशित: । येन केनचिदाच्छन्न: स गोव्रत इहोच्यते

yatratatraśayo nityaṁ yena kenacid āśitaḥ | yena kenacid ācchannaḥ sa govrata iho cyate ||

Nārada nói: “Kẻ nào thường nằm xuống bất cứ nơi đâu mình đến, sống nhờ bất cứ thức ăn nào có thể kiếm được, và lấy bất cứ thứ gì sẵn có để che thân—người ấy ở đây được gọi là kẻ giữ ‘govrata’ (lời nguyện sống như bò), lấy sự giản dị, không chấp trước và tri túc làm dấu ấn.”

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
शयःone who lies down/sleeps
शयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
येनby/with which (whatever)
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
केनचित्by/with something or other
केनचित्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आशितःhaving eaten; fed
आशितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-शि (अश्) + क्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
येनby/with which (whatever)
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
केनचित्by/with something or other
केनचित्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आच्छन्नःcovered/clad
आच्छन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-छद् + क्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गोव्रतीone observing the 'cow-vow' (go-vrata)
गोव्रती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो-व्रतिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इहhere (in this context)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (उच्यते)
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
G
govrata

Educational Q&A

The verse defines ‘govrata’ as a discipline of radical simplicity: resting wherever one is, eating whatever is obtainable, and wearing whatever covering is available. Ethically, it trains non-attachment, endurance, and contentment, reducing dependence on comfort and choice.

Nārada is explaining a specific type of vrata (vow/observance) by giving its practical marks. The focus is descriptive—identifying who qualifies as a govrata-observer through conduct rather than lineage or status.