Shloka 19

कुरुसभायां केशवागमन-सत्कारविधानम् / Preparations to Honor Keśava at the Kuru Court

Devanagari script

ते तु सर्वे समायान्तमग्निमिद्धमिव प्रभुम्‌ । अर्चयामासुरर्चाह देशातिथिमुपस्थितम्‌

Transliteration

te tu sarve samāyāntam agnim iddham iva prabhum | arcayāmāsur arcāha deśātithim upasthitam ||

Translation

Bấy giờ tất cả mọi người, thấy bậc Chúa tể tiến đến—rực cháy như ngọn lửa đã được nhóm lên—liền làm lễ nghênh tiếp và tôn kính Ngài theo đúng nghi thức, cung kính thờ phụng vị atithi (khách) vừa từ nơi khác đến.

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• समायान्तम्: coming/approaching
• समायान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-या (धातु: या)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• अग्निम्: fire
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इद्धम्: kindled/blazing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इन्ध् (धातु: इन्ध्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• इव: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• प्रभुम्: the lord/master
• प्रभुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अर्चयामासुः: they worshipped/paid homage
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• अर्चा: with worship/with offerings
• अर्चा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्चा
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• देश: of the country/region
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• अतिथिम्: guest
• अतिथिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उपस्थितम्: arrived/present
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-स्था (धातु: स्था)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वैशम्पायन (narrator)
• प्रभु (a lord/powerful person—unnamed in this verse)
• अग्नि (fire, as simile)
• अतिथि (guest)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights atithi-dharma: a guest—especially one of stature—should be received with honour and proper rites. Ethical conduct is shown through reverent hospitality rather than suspicion or neglect.

What is happening in the narrative?

A powerful figure approaches, compared to a blazing fire in splendour and intensity. Those present collectively rise to honour him, performing respectful worship and reception for the visiting guest.