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Shloka 28

धृतराष्ट्रस्य वंशोपदेशः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Dynastic Counsel on Legitimate Rule

ततो<थ राज्ञ: सुबलस्य पुत्री धर्मार्थयुक्ते कुलनाशभीता । दुर्योधनं पापमतिं नृशंसं राज्ञां समक्ष सुतमाह कोपात्‌

tato 'tha rājñaḥ subalasya putrī dharmārthayukte kulanāśabhītā | duryodhanaṃ pāpamatīṃ nṛśaṃsaṃ rājñāṃ samakṣaṃ sutam āha kopāt ||

Bấy giờ Gandhārī, con gái vua Subala—lo sợ dòng tộc mình sẽ bị diệt vong—đã nổi giận nói trước mặt các vua đang tụ hội với chính con trai mình là Duryodhana, kẻ tâm đã ngả về tội lỗi và bản tính tàn bạo. Lời bà dựa trên dharma và sự thận trọng của đạo trị quốc, cảnh cáo con về con đường hủy diệt mà hắn đang chọn.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अथthen, now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सुबलस्यof Subala
सुबलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसुबल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रीdaughter
पुत्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मार्थयुक्तेin (words) connected with dharma and artha
धर्मार्थयुक्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मार्थयुक्त
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कुलनाशभीताafraid of the destruction of the family
कुलनाशभीता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुलनाशभीत
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पापमतिम्of sinful mind
पापमतिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपापमति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नृशंसम्cruel, ruthless
नृशंसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राज्ञाम्of kings
राज्ञाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
समक्षम्in the presence (of)
समक्षम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमक्ष
सुतम्son
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहsaid, spoke
आह:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular
कोपात्from anger, out of anger
कोपात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकोप
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
G
Gandhārī
D
Duryodhana
S
Subala
T
the assembled kings (rājānaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Even when confronting wrongdoing within one’s own family, counsel should be rooted in dharma (moral law) and artha (prudent governance). Gandhārī’s fear of kula-nāśa highlights that adharma in leadership brings collective ruin, not merely personal downfall.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war negotiations and warnings, Gandhārī publicly rebukes her son Duryodhana before other kings. She speaks angrily yet with ethically and politically grounded intent, attempting to restrain his cruel, destructive course.