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Shloka 30

Droṇa–Vidura–Gāndhārī Counsel in the Royal Assembly (धर्मार्थयुक्ता सभा-उपदेश-प्रकरणम्)

ततः: पौरा महाराज माता काली च मे शुभा | भृत्या: पुरोहिताचार्या ब्राह्मणाश्व बहुश्रुता: । मामूचुर्भशसंतप्ता भव राजेति संततम्‌

tataḥ paurā mahārāja mātā kālī ca me śubhā | bhṛtyāḥ purohitācāryā brāhmaṇāś ca bahuśrutāḥ || mām ūcur bhṛśa-santaptā bhava rājeti santatam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Rồi sau đó, hỡi đại vương, dân thành thị và mẫu thân cát tường của ta là Kālī (Satyavatī), cùng các gia nhân, vị tư tế của dòng tộc, các bậc thầy, và nhiều Brāhmaṇa uyên bác—đau khổ khôn nguôi—đã hết lần này đến lần khác bảo ta: ‘Hãy làm vua.’”

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
पौराःcitizens/townsmen
पौराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपौर
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
कालीKālī (name)
काली:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाली
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable
मेmy/of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
शुभाauspicious/beneficent
शुभा:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
भृत्याःservants/retainers
भृत्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
पुरोहिताःfamily priests
पुरोहिताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोहित
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
आचार्याःteachers/preceptors
आचार्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable
बहुश्रुताःvery learned (lit. much-heard)
बहुश्रुताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुश्रुत
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formaccusative, singular
ऊचुःsaid/spoke
ऊचुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formperfect, 3rd person, plural (parasmaipada)
भृशम्exceedingly/greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
Formindeclinable (adverb)
संतप्ताःdeeply distressed/afflicted
संतप्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंतप्त
Formmasculine, nominative, plural; past passive participle (from √तप् with सम्-)
भवbecome (you be)
भव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formimperative, 2nd person, singular (parasmaipada)
राजाking
राजा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formindeclinable (quotative)
संततम्continually/again and again
संततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसंततम्
Formindeclinable (adverb)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Satyavati (Kali)
C
Citizens (paurāḥ)
S
Servants/retainers (bhṛtyāḥ)
P
Purohita (royal priest)
Ā
Ācāryas (teachers)
B
Brāhmaṇas (learned priests)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical pressure of rajadharma: when a kingdom’s stability is threatened, society—elders, clergy, teachers, and citizens—may urge a capable protector to accept rulership for the common good, even if he personally prefers restraint or renunciation.

Bhīṣma recounts that after a critical turn in the Kuru succession, the citizens and leading authorities—along with his mother Satyavatī (called Kālī)—approached him in distress and repeatedly implored him to take the throne.