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Shloka 38

Gāndhārī’s Battlefield Survey: The Fallen and the Onset of Funeral Rites (शल्य-भगीरथ-भीष्म-द्रोणादि-दर्शनम्)

अग्नीनाधाय विधिवच्चितां प्रज्वाल्य सर्वतः । द्रोणमाधाय गायन्ति त्रीणि सामानि सामगा:,विधिपूर्वक अग्निकी स्थापना करके चिताको सब ओरसे प्रज्वलित कर दिया गया है और उसपर द्रोणाचार्यके शरीरको रखकर सामगान करनेवाले ब्राह्मण त्रिविध सामका गान करते हैं

agnīn ādhāya vidhivac citāṁ prajvālya sarvataḥ | droṇam ādhāya gāyanti trīṇi sāmāni sāmagāḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Sau khi lập các ngọn lửa thiêng theo đúng nghi thức, họ nhóm giàn hỏa táng bừng cháy từ mọi phía. Rồi đặt Droṇa lên đó, các vị Bà-la-môn chuyên xướng tụng Sāman cất lên ba điệu Sāman—cử hành lễ nghi theo đúng trật tự.”

अग्नीन्fires
अग्नीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आधायhaving established/placed
आधाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-धा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
विधिवत्according to rule/ritually
विधिवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत्
चिताम्the funeral pyre
चिताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचिता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रज्वाल्यhaving kindled/ignited
प्रज्वाल्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√ज्वल्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
सर्वतःon all sides/everywhere
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
द्रोणम्Drona (Dronacharya)
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आधायhaving placed
आधाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-धा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
गायन्तिthey sing
गायन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√गै (गाय्)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सामानिSama-chants/hymns
सामानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सामगाःSama-singers (chanters)
सामगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसामग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
A
agni (sacred fires)
C
citā (funeral pyre)
S
Sāman (Sāmaveda chants)
S
sāmagāḥ (Sāmaveda chanters)

Educational Q&A

Even amid the devastation of war, dharma is upheld through proper saṁskāra: the dead are honored with prescribed rites, sacred fire, and Vedic chant. The verse highlights ethical continuity—ritual order and reverence persist despite grief and violence.

A formal cremation is being performed: the sacred fires are established, the pyre is fully ignited, Droṇa’s body is placed upon it, and Sāmaveda chanters sing the three Sāman chants as part of the funeral ritual sequence.