Shloka 1

Gāndhārī’s Battlefield Survey: The Fallen and the Onset of Funeral Rites (शल्य-भगीरथ-भीष्म-द्रोणादि-दर्शनम्)

Devanagari script

गान्धारी बोलीं--तात! देखो, ये नकुलके सगे मामा शल्य मरे पड़े हैं। इन्हें धर्मके ज्ञाता धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरने युद्धमें मारा है

Transliteration

gāndhārī bolī—tāta! dekho, ye nakulasya sage māmā śalyaḥ mṛtaḥ patitaḥ. enaṃ dharmajño dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ yuddhe jaghāna.

Translation

Gandhārī nói: “Con ơi, hãy nhìn—Śalya, cậu ruột của Nakula, đang nằm đây đã chết. Chính Yudhiṣṭhira, vị Dharma-vương nổi tiếng am tường chính pháp, đã giết ông trong chiến trận.”

Word by Word

• गान्धारी: Gandhari
• गान्धारी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गान्धारी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तात: dear son / dear one
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पश्य: see/look
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Imperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नकुलस्य: of Nakula
• Type: Noun
• Root: नकुल
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• सगाः: own/real (blood-related)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मामाः: maternal uncles
• मामाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मामा
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शल्यः: Shalya
• शल्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मृतः: dead
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पतितः: fallen/lying (down)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पतित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्ति: is
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एतं: this (him)
• एतं: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• धर्मज्ञः: knower of dharma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मराजः: King of Dharma (Yudhishthira)
• धर्मराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhishthira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अवधीत्: killed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वध्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Gandhārī
• Nakula
• Śalya
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)