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Shloka 21

Kṣātra-dharma in Campaign and Battle: Protection, Purification, and the Ideal Warrior’s End (क्षात्रधर्मः—अभियानयुद्धे रक्षणदानशुद्धिः)

अस्वस्ति तेभ्य: कुर्वन्ति देवा इन्द्रपुरोगमा: । त्यागेन यः सहायानां स्वान्‌ प्राणांस्त्रातुमिच्छति

asvasti tebhyaḥ kurvanti devā indrapurogamāḥ | tyāgena yaḥ sahāyānāṃ svān prāṇāṃs trātum icchati |

Bhīṣma nói: “Các thần linh, đứng đầu là Indra, không ban phúc lành cho kẻ muốn giữ mạng mình bằng cách bỏ rơi đồng đội. Ai bỏ người trợ chiến để tự cứu thân sẽ bị đóng dấu là kẻ hèn nhát; người ấy phải bị các kṣatriya đồng hàng khước từ và trừng phạt nghiêm khắc, vì đã phản bội luật chiến binh về trung nghĩa và cùng gánh hiểm nguy.”

अस्वस्तिill-being, misfortune
अस्वस्ति:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्वस्ति
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेभ्यःto them
तेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Plural
कुर्वन्तिdo, make
कुर्वन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इन्द्रपुरोगमाःhaving Indra in front (led by Indra)
इन्द्रपुरोगमाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootइन्द्रपुरोगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्यागेनby abandonment, by desertion
त्यागेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहायानाम्of companions/helpers
सहायानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
स्वान्one's own
स्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्राणान्lives, vital breaths
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्रातुम्to save, to protect
त्रातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्रा
FormTumun (infinitive)
इच्छतिwishes, desires
इच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
I
Indra
D
Devas

Educational Q&A

A warrior must not preserve himself by deserting comrades; abandoning allies is adharma and invites divine disfavor and social condemnation. The verse elevates solidarity and shared risk as essential to kṣatriya conduct.

In the Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on righteous conduct. Here he censures the coward who tries to save his life by forsaking companions, stating that the gods led by Indra withhold auspiciousness from such a person and that fellow warriors should treat him as dishonorable.