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Shloka 35

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

प्राकारं भृत्यभरणं व्ययं संग्रामतो भयम्‌ । योगक्षेमं च सम्प्रेक्ष्य गोमिन: कारयेत्‌ करम्‌,नगरकी रक्षाके लिये चहारदिवारी बनवानी है, सेवकों और सैनिकोंका भरण-पोषण करना है, अन्य आवश्यक व्यय करने हैं, युद्धके भयको टालना है तथा सबके योग-क्षेमकी चिन्ता करनी है, इन सब बातोंकी आवश्यकता दिखाकर राजा धनवान वैश्योंसे कर वसूल करे

prākāraṃ bhṛtyabharaṇaṃ vyayaṃ saṅgrāmato bhayam | yogakṣemaṃ ca samprekṣya gomināḥ kārayet karam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Sau khi xét kỹ nhu cầu xây thành lũy, nuôi dưỡng quan thuộc và binh sĩ, đáp ứng các khoản chi tiêu cần thiết khác, ngăn tránh hiểm họa do chiến tranh, và bảo đảm yoga-kṣema—phúc lợi cùng an toàn—cho mọi người, nhà vua nên thu thuế từ những Vaiśya giàu có, sở hữu gia súc và tài nguyên. Ý nghĩa đạo lý là: việc đánh thuế là chính đáng khi được minh bạch gắn với bảo hộ công cộng, quản trị và lợi ích chung.”

प्राकारम्rampart/fortification
प्राकारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राकार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भृत्यभरणम्maintenance of servants (and dependents)
भृत्यभरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य-भरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्यम्expenditure
व्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संग्रामतःfrom/owing to war
संग्रामतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
योगक्षेमम्acquisition and security/welfare
योगक्षेमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग-क्षेम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सम्प्रेक्ष्यhaving considered/observed
सम्प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+प्रेक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
गोमिनःfrom the wealthy (lit. possessor of cattle/wealth)
गोमिनः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगोमिन्
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
कारयेत्should cause (to be made/collected)
कारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootणिच्+कृ (कारयति)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Optative (injunctive sense: should cause to be done), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
करम्tax/tribute
करम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (king)
V
Vaiśya (wealthy householders/merchants)
G
gāvaḥ (cattle, implied by gomin)
P
prākāra (city fortification)

Educational Q&A

Taxation is ethically warranted when the king levies it with clear regard to public needs—defense, administration, necessary expenses, and the welfare-security (yoga-kṣema) of the people—rather than for personal indulgence.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises the king on practical governance: after assessing expenses like fortifications, maintenance of staff and troops, and protection from war-related threats, the king should collect taxes from prosperous Vaiśyas (notably those with cattle/wealth) to fund these responsibilities.