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Shloka 42

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

प्रवृद्धानां च वृक्षाणां शाखां प्रच्छेदयेत्‌ तथा । चैत्यानां सर्वथा त्याज्यमपि पत्रस्य पातनम्‌

pravṛddhānāṃ ca vṛkṣāṇāṃ śākhāṃ pracchedayet tathā | caityānāṃ sarvathā tyājyam api patrasya pātanam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Khi cây cối đã lớn quá mức và tán cành lan rộng, có thể cho tỉa bớt cành khi cần. Nhưng những cây gắn với thánh tích (caitya) thì phải được bảo hộ mọi bề—đến một chiếc lá cũng không nên để rơi.”

प्रवृद्धानाम्of overgrown
प्रवृद्धानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृद्ध (वृध्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वृक्षाणाम्of trees
वृक्षाणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
शाखाम्a branch
शाखाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशाखा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रच्छेदयेत्should cut off
प्रच्छेदयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-छिद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
चैत्यानाम्of sacred (consecrated) [trees/shrines]
चैत्यानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootचैत्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
सर्वथाin every way; entirely
सर्वथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वथा
त्याज्यम्to be avoided/forbidden
त्याज्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्याज्य (त्यज्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अपिeven
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पत्रस्यof a leaf
पत्रस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपत्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
पातनम्causing to fall; dropping
पातनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपातन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
trees (vṛkṣa)
B
branches (śākhā)
C
caitya (sacred shrine/holy place)
L
leaves (patra)

Educational Q&A

Practical governance must be guided by reverence: ordinary overgrown trees may be pruned for order and safety, but anything tied to a sacred site (caitya) deserves special protection—so much so that even minor harm like dropping a leaf should be avoided.

In Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and proper conduct in rule and society. Here he gives a concrete rule about managing trees: permit necessary pruning of common trees, while strictly safeguarding shrine-associated trees.