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Shloka 8

Kṣātra-Dharma, Daṇḍanīti, and Social Order

Indra–Māndhātṛ Dialogue

सर्वभूतेश्वरं देवं प्रभुं नारायणं पुरा । जग्मु: सुबहुश: शूरा राजानो दण्डनीतये

sarvabhūteśvaraṁ devaṁ prabhuṁ nārāyaṇaṁ purā | jagmuḥ subahuśaḥ śūrā rājāno daṇḍanītaye, rājendra |

Bhishma nói: “Thuở xưa, nhiều bậc quân vương anh hùng đã nhiều lần đến gần Narayana—đấng Thần Chủ, chúa tể của mọi loài—để cầu học daṇḍanīti, khoa học trị quốc và hình phạt công minh. Hỡi bậc vương giả tối thượng, mọi thế giới cùng những chuẩn mực cao nhất của chúng đều được bao hàm trong vương đạo; điều ấy ta đã nói với ngài rồi.”

सर्वभूतेश्वरम्lord of all beings
सर्वभूतेश्वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूतेश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
देवम्god
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रभुम्master, lord
प्रभुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नारायणम्Narayana
नारायणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुराformerly, once
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
जग्मुःwent
जग्मुः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सुबहुशःvery many times / in great numbers
सुबहुशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसुबहुशस्
शूराःheroes, valiant men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दण्डनीतयेfor the science/practice of punishment (statecraft)
दण्डनीतये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्डनीति
FormFeminine, Dative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
Nārāyaṇa
K
kings (rājānaḥ)

Educational Q&A

That rajadharma (the king’s duty) is comprehensive—embracing the welfare and moral order of all realms—and that daṇḍanīti (just discipline and governance) is a sacred, principled science best learned by approaching the highest divine authority, Nārāyaṇa.

Bhīṣma, instructing the king, recalls an ancient precedent: many valorous rulers once went to Nārāyaṇa to learn daṇḍanīti, establishing that righteous governance is grounded in dharma and guided by divine wisdom.