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Shloka 10

Kṣātra-Dharma, Daṇḍanīti, and Social Order

Indra–Māndhātṛ Dialogue

साध्या देवा वसवश्षाश्रिनौ च रुद्राक्ष विश्वे मरुतां गणाश्न । सृष्टा: पुरा ह्यादिदेवेन देवा: क्षात्रे धर्मे वर्तयन्ते च सिद्धा:

sādhyā devā vasavaś cāśvinau ca rudrāś ca viśve marutāṁ gaṇāś ca | sṛṣṭāḥ purā hy ādidevena devāḥ kṣātre dharme vartayante ca siddhāḥ ||

Bhishma nói: Các Sādhyas, các Vasus, đôi Aśvin, các Rudras, các Viśvedevas và các đoàn Maruts—những vị thần ấy, cùng với các bậc Siddha (những kẻ đã viên mãn), đã được Đấng Thần Nguyên Sơ tạo dựng từ thuở hồng hoang. An trú trong sự xuất chúng đã được định phần, họ vận hành trong kṣātra-dharma—đạo của bảo hộ và sức mạnh chính đáng—gìn giữ trật tự vũ trụ bằng quyền lực có kỷ luật, chứ không vì dục vọng riêng tư.

साध्याःthe Sādhyas (a class of gods)
साध्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वसवःthe Vasus
वसवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्विनौthe two Aśvins
अश्विनौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रुद्राःthe Rudras
रुद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विश्वेall (collectively); in context: the Viśvedevas
विश्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मरुताम्of the Maruts
मरुताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
गणाःgroups, hosts
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सृष्टाःcreated
सृष्टाः:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पुराformerly, in ancient times
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
आदिदेवेनby the primeval god
आदिदेवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआदिदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षात्रेin the kṣātra (kṣatriya) sphere
क्षात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धर्मेin dharma; in the duty/law
धर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वर्तयन्तेthey abide / they conduct themselves
वर्तयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सिद्धाःthe Siddhas (perfected beings)
सिद्धाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Sādhyas
D
Devas
V
Vasus
A
Aśvins
R
Rudras
V
Viśvedevas
M
Maruts
S
Siddhas
Ā
Ādideva (Primeval Deity; identified in the given gloss as Viṣṇu)
K
Kṣātra-dharma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma frames kṣātra-dharma (the disciplined use of power for protection and order) as a divinely instituted mode of action: even celestial beings are said to operate within this protective, force-regulating dharma, implying that rightful strength is ethical when aligned with cosmic purpose rather than personal impulse.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma lists major classes of gods and Siddhas and states that they were created by the Primeval Deity and remain established in kṣātra-dharma—supporting his broader counsel to rulers about the sacred foundations of governance, protection, and the regulated use of force.