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Shloka 29

राजधर्मस्य नवनीतम्—रक्षा, दण्ड, चार, उत्थान

Rājadharma’s ‘Essence’: Protection, Punishment, Intelligence, and Royal Diligence

तत्पश्चात्‌ कुरुश्रेष्ठ युधिष्ठिरने मन-ही-मन दुखी हो दोनों नेत्रोंमें आँसू भरकर धीरेसे भीष्मजीके चरण छूए और कहा--'पितामह! इस समय भगवान्‌ सूर्य अपनी किरणोंद्वारा पृथ्वीके रसका शोषण करके अस्ताचलको जा रहे हैं; इसलिये अब मैं कल आपसे अपना संदेह पूछूँगा' ।।

tataḥ paścāt kurūśreṣṭha yudhiṣṭhiro manasā manasi duḥkhī bhūtvā netrābhyāṃ aśrūṇi pūrayitvā śanaiḥ bhīṣmasya caraṇau spṛṣṭvā uvāca— “pitāmaha! asmin samaye bhagavān sūryaḥ sva-kiraṇaiḥ pṛthivyā rasoṣaṇaṃ kṛtvā astācalaṃ gacchati; tasmād adya na pṛcchāmi, śvaḥ tvāṃ mama saṃśayaṃ pṛcchāmi.” tato dvijātīn abhivādya keśavaḥ kṛpaś ca te caiva yudhiṣṭhirādayaḥ | pradakṣiṇīkṛtya mahānadīsutaṃ tato rathān āruruhur mudānvitāḥ ||

Sau đó, hỡi bậc ưu tú của dòng Kuru, Yudhiṣṭhira—đau buồn trong lòng—mắt ngấn lệ, khẽ chạm vào chân Bhīṣma và thưa: “Thưa Tổ phụ! Lúc này, Mặt Trời linh thiêng đang dùng tia sáng hút cạn hơi ẩm của đất và đi về núi phía tây để lặn. Vì vậy, ngày mai con sẽ hỏi ngài điều nghi hoặc của con.” Rồi Keśava (Kṛṣṇa), Kṛpa và Yudhiṣṭhira cùng những người khác, sau khi đảnh lễ các Bà-la-môn ‘nhị sinh’, đã đi nhiễu (pradakṣiṇā) quanh Bhīṣma—con của đại hà (Gaṅgā)—và sau đó, lòng đã lắng dịu mà hoan hỷ, họ lên các chiến xa.

ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
द्विजातीन्the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजातीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिवाद्यhaving saluted
अभिवाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-वाद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having saluted
केशवःKeshava (Krishna)
केशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृपःKripa
कृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
also
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
युधिष्ठिर-आदयःYudhishthira and others
युधिष्ठिर-आदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर + आदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रदक्षिणी-कृत्यhaving circumambulated
प्रदक्षिणी-कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√दक्षिणी-करण (कृ)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), √कृ, having circumambulated
महानदी-सुतम्the son of the great river (Bhishma)
महानदी-सुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहानदी + सुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आरुरुहुःmounted / ascended
आरुरुहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√रुह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
मुदा-अन्विताःendowed with joy; delighted
मुदा-अन्विताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमुदा + अन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma
S
Sūrya (the Sun)
A
Astācala (western mountain of sunset)
K
Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
K
Kṛpācārya (Kṛpa)
D
Dvijātis (Brahmins)
M
Mahānadī (Gaṅgā)
R
Ratha (chariots)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dhārmic conduct around learning: reverence to elders and teachers, and sensitivity to proper time. Yudhiṣṭhira restrains his questioning at sunset—an inauspicious or unsuitable moment for extended instruction—and instead honors Bhīṣma, indicating that ethical inquiry should be pursued with humility, decorum, and attention to circumstance.

Yudhiṣṭhira, sorrowful, bows to Bhīṣma and postpones his question until the next day because the sun is setting. Then Kṛṣṇa, Kṛpa, and the Pāṇḍavas salute the Brahmins, circumambulate Bhīṣma (son of Gaṅgā), and return to their chariots.